*2025/11/05 13:45:24.01 *IOS HEADER VERSION 2.0 2016/04/28 2016/06/13 IVF16 *FILE START TIME : UTC 2024/05/20 14:16:28.000 TIME INCREMENT : 0 0 0 0.416667E-01 0 ! (day hr min sec ms) NUMBER OF RECORDS : 41 DATA DESCRIPTION : CTD FILE TYPE : ASCII CRC : CAC0291B NUMBER OF CHANNELS : 11 $TABLE: CHANNELS ! No Name Units Minimum Maximum !--- -------------------------- --------------- -------------- -------------- 1 Pressure decibar 3 43 2 Depth metres 3.085 42.229 3 Temperature:Primary 'deg C (ITS90)' 7.9747 9.5401 4 Conductivity:Primary S/m 3.477209 3.534076 5 Salinity:T0:C0 PSS-78 32.5834 33.4594 6 Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE mL/L 2.705 5.532 7 Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE umol/kg 117.7362 240.9997 8 Fluorescence:URU:Wetlabs mg/m^3 0.175 2.072 9 Transmissivity %/metre 39.9 50.4 10 Transmissivity:Green %/metre 55.8 73.5 11 Number_of_bin_records n/a 1 47 $END $TABLE: CHANNEL DETAIL ! No Pad Start Width Format Type Decimal_Places !--- ---- ----- ----- ------ ---- -------------- 1 -99 ' ' 7 F ' ' 1 2 -99 ' ' 7 F ' ' 1 3 -99 ' ' 9 F ' ' 4 4 -99 ' ' 10 F ' ' 5 5 -99 ' ' 9 F R4 4 6 -99 ' ' 7 F ' ' 2 7 -99 ' ' 6 F ' ' 1 8 -99 ' ' 8 F ' ' 3 9 -99 ' ' 6 F ' ' 1 10 -99 ' ' 6 F ' ' 1 11 ' ' ' ' 5 I I 0 $END $REMARKS This file converted from Sea-Bird file: C:\Users\BEDARDJ\Desktop\Data Processing\CTD-2024-019\CTD\1-SeabirdSteps\5_DERIVE\2024-019-0105.cnv $END *ADMINISTRATION MISSION : 2024-019 AGENCY : IOS, Ocean Sciences Division, Sidney, B.C. COUNTRY : Canada PROJECT : La Perouse SCIENTIST : Sastri A. PLATFORM : John P. Tully *LOCATION GEOGRAPHIC AREA : North-East Pacific STATION : LG01 EVENT NUMBER : 105 LATITUDE : 49 20.49000 N ! (deg min) LONGITUDE : 126 35.05000 W ! (deg min) WATER DEPTH : 52 ALTIMETER (M) : 9.96 ! custom item $REMARKS Altimeter value is distance from bottom and is calculated as the median of the deepest 2 metres of data. $END *INSTRUMENT TYPE : Sea-Bird CTD MODEL : SBE-911plus SERIAL NUMBER : 0443 LOCATION : Mid-ship ! custom item $TABLE: SENSORS ! Name Abs Depth Serial No ! ----------------------------------- -------------- ---------- Temperature ' ' 2106 Conductivity ' ' 2754 'Pressure:Digiquartz with TC' ' ' 0443 Temperature:2 ' ' 5130 Conductivity:2 ' ' 1766 'Oxygen:SBE 43' ' ' 4372 Altimeter ' ' 76341 PAR/Irradiance:Biospherical/Licor ' ' 70613 'Fluorometer:WET Labs ECO-AFL/FL' ' ' FLRTD-2216 'Transmissometer:WET Labs C-Star' ' ' 1185DR 'Transmissometer:WET Labs C-Star:2' ' ' 1883DG $END $REMARKS Software Version Seasave V 7.26.7.121 $END *HISTORY $TABLE: PROGRAMS ! Name Vers Date Time Recs In Recs Out ! -------- ------ ---------- -------- --------- --------- SBE_IOS 4.3 2025/09/15 10:39:00 14145 14145 CLEAN 5.3 2025/09/15 10:48:28 14145 14145 SHIFTDAT 3.5.1 2025/09/18 08:23:24 14145 14145 DELETE 6.3 2025/09/18 08:36:35 14145 1192 CTDEDIT 5.5.1 2025/09/25 11:13:24 1192 1104 CALIB 12.1 2025/10/31 14:20:33 1104 1104 CALIB 12.1 2025/10/31 14:22:59 1104 1104 FILTERS 4.3 2025/10/31 14:34:35 1104 1104 BINAVE 4.2.1 2025/11/03 08:41:04 1104 41 REMOVECH 8.2 2025/11/03 09:30:57 41 41 CHGUNITS 3.2 2025/11/03 09:33:01 41 41 REORDER 1.3.1 2025/11/03 09:38:19 ? ? HDREDIT2 3.2 2025/11/05 13:45:24 ? ? $END $REMARKS -CLEAN functions: 2025/09/15 10:46:16 20 Reset #RECS, MIN & MAX values in header. Insert Pad Values in Channel: Fluorescence:URU:Wetlabs:ECO-AFL [mg/m^3] where channel Fluorescence:URU:Wetlabs:ECO-AFL [mg/m^3] is in the range -10 t 0 data records in pad range. Set event to last 3 characters of file name -The following SHIFT parameters were used. Shift Channel: Conductivity:Primary # of Records to Advance (-ve for Delay): At REC# 0 Shift= -0.70 Salinity was recalculated after shift -The following DELETE parameters were used: Surface Record Removal: Last Press Min Maximum Surface Pressure (relative): 10.00 Surface Swell Pressure Tolerance: 1.00 Pressure filtered over width: 15 Swells deleted. Warning message if pressure difference of 2.00 Drop rates < 0.30m/s (calculated over 11 points) will be deleted. Drop rate applies in the range 10.00 to 33.02 dbars Sample interval (from FILE section of header) = 0.042 seconds. -CTDEDIT v5.5.1 2025/09/25 11:13:24 88 records were deleted in this editing session. 1104 changes in channel Fluorescence:URU:Wetlabs:ECO-AFL -CALIB parameters: 2025/10/31 14:20:33 Calibration type = Correct Mode: ONLY - calibration specs from Cal File only. Salinity is computed Calibration file = C:\Users\BEDARDJ\Desktop\Data Processing\CTD-2024-019\2024-019-recal1.ccf Calibrations applied: Ch Name Units Fmla Coefficents -- ----------------------------- --------- --- ----------------------------- 17 Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE mL/L 10 -0.3700000E-02 0.1000000E+01 Ch Name Units Fmla Coefficents -- ----------------------------- --------- --- ----------------------------- 15 Salinity:T0:C0 PSS-78 10 -0.1000000E-02 0.1000000E+01 -CALIB parameters: 2025/10/31 14:22:59 Calibration type = Correct Mode: ONLY - calibration specs from Cal File only. Salinity is computed Calibration file = C:\Users\BEDARDJ\Desktop\Data Processing\CTD-2024-019\2024-019-recal2.ccf Calibrations applied: Ch Name Units Fmla Coefficents -- ----------------------------- --------- --- ----------------------------- 17 Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE mL/L 10 0.1900000E-02 0.1000000E+01 Ch Name Units Fmla Coefficents -- ----------------------------- --------- --- ----------------------------- 15 Salinity:T0:C0 PSS-78 10 0.0000000E+00 0.1000000E+01 -The following FILTER parameters were used. Median filter was used. Filter width = 11 The following channel(s) were filtered. Fluorescence:URU:Seapoint -The following BINAVE parameters were used: Bin channel = Pressure [decibar] Averaging interval = 1.00 Minimum bin value = 0.000 Bin value was used Interpolated values were NOT used for empty bins Channel 'NUMBER_OF_BIN_RECORDS' was added to file. -REMOVECH 2025/11/03 09:30:57 The following CHANNEL(S) were removed: Scan_Number Temperature:Secondary [deg C (ITS90)] Conductivity:Secondary [S/m] Oxygen:Voltage:SBE [volts] Altimeter [metres] Status:Pump Descent_Rate [m/s] Salinity:T1:C1 [PSS-78] Flag Prediction_Flag -CHANGE units: Temperature reference channel: Temperature:Primary Salinity reference channel: Salinity:T0:C0 'Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE' changed from mL/L to umol/kg -HEADER EDITS: 2025/11/05 13:45:24 Applied edit header: C:\Users\BEDARDJ\Desktop\Data Processing\CTD-2024-019\2024-019-hdr.txt Channel 1: Pressure [decibar] Format: F10.3 ==> F7.1 Channel 2: Depth [metres] Name: Depth:Salt_Water ==> Depth Format: F10.3 ==> F7.1 Channel 4: Conductivity:Primary [S/m] Format: F11.6 ==> F10.5 Channel 6: Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE [mL/L] Format: F8.3 ==> F7.2 Channel 9: Transmissivity [%/metre] Name: Transmissivity:1 ==> Transmissivity Channel 10: Transmissivity:Green [%/metre] Name: Transmissivity:2 ==> Transmissivity:Green Channel 8: Fluorescence:URU:Wetlabs [mg/m^3] Name: Fluorescence:URU:Wetlabs:ECO-AFL ==> Fluorescence:URU:Wetlabs $END *COMMENTS SBE HEADER Sea-Bird SBE 9 Data File: FileName = C:\CTD data\2024-019\2024-019-0104.hex Software Version Seasave V 7.26.7.121 Temperature SN = 2106 Conductivity SN = 2754 Number of Bytes Per Scan = 37 Number of Voltage Words = 4 Number of Scans Averaged by the Deck Unit = 1 System UpLoad Time = May 20 2024 14:16:28 NMEA Latitude = 49 20.49 N NMEA Longitude = 126 35.05 W NMEA UTC (Time) = May 20 2024 14:11:30 Store Lat/Lon Data = Append to Every Scan SBE 11plus V 5.1e number of scans to average = 1 pressure baud rate = 9600 NMEA baud rate = 4800 GPIB address = 1 advance primary conductivity 0.073 seconds advance secondary conductivity 0.073 seconds advance voltage 6 0.000 seconds advance voltage 7 0.000 seconds S> Tully: 2024-019 Station: LG01 Depth: 52 System UTC = May 20 2024 14:16:28 # nquan = 18 # nvalues = 14145 # units = specified # name 0 = scan: Scan Count # name 1 = prDM: Pressure, Digiquartz [db] # name 2 = depSM: Depth [salt water, m] # name 3 = t090C: Temperature [ITS-90, deg C] # name 4 = t190C: Temperature, 2 [ITS-90, deg C] # name 5 = c0S/m: Conductivity [S/m] # name 6 = c1S/m: Conductivity, 2 [S/m] # name 7 = CStarTr0: Beam Transmission, WET Labs C-Star [%] # name 8 = sbeox0V: Oxygen raw, SBE 43 [V] # name 9 = altM: Altimeter [m] # name 10 = pumps: Pump Status # name 11 = dz/dtM: Descent Rate [m/s] # name 12 = flECO-AFL: Fluorescence, WET Labs ECO-AFL/FL [mg/m^3] # name 13 = CStarTr1: Beam Transmission, WET Labs C-Star, 2 [%] # name 14 = sal00: Salinity, Practical [PSU] # name 15 = sal11: Salinity, Practical, 2 [PSU] # name 16 = sbeox0ML/L: Oxygen, SBE 43 [ml/l], WS = 2 # name 17 = flag: flag # span 0 = 1, 14145 # span 1 = 2.427, 43.018 # span 2 = 2.406, 42.647 # span 3 = 7.9700, 9.5412 # span 4 = 7.9699, 9.5405 # span 5 = 3.477095, 3.534760 # span 6 = 3.477053, 3.534525 # span 7 = 74.6658, 84.8122 # span 8 = 1.3283, 2.2234 # span 9 = 8.03, 51.72 # span 10 = 0, 1 # span 11 = -0.875, 1.453 # span 12 = 0.1606, 2.2852 # span 13 = 85.1726, 93.3479 # span 14 = 32.5763, 33.4653 # span 15 = 32.4041, 33.4640 # span 16 = 2.6853, 5.5382 # span 17 = 0.0000e+00, 0.0000e+00 # interval = seconds: 0.0416667 # start_time = May 20 2024 14:16:28 [System UTC, header] # bad_flag = -9.990e-29 # # # # # 2106 # 15-Feb-23 # 1 # 0.00000000e+000 # 0.00000000e+000 # 0.00000000e+000 # 0.00000000e+000 # 0.000 # 4.14692690e-003 # 6.30774382e-004 # 2.10717013e-005 # 2.11511943e-006 # 1000.000 # 1.00000000 # 0.0000 # # # # # # 2754 # 14-Feb-23 # 1 # # 0.0000 # 2000.0000 # 0 # # 0.00000000e+000 # 0.00000000e+000 # 0.00000000e+000 # 0.00000000e+000 # 0.0 # -9.57000000e-008 # # # -1.06129987e+001 # 1.62039974e+000 # -3.87914662e-003 # 3.93074083e-004 # -9.57000000e-008 # 3.2500e-006 # # 0.00000000e+000 # # 1.00000000 # 0.00000 # # # # # # 0443 # 23-Mar-22 # -4.435292e+004 # -1.635794e-001 # 1.192740e-002 # 3.979900e-002 # 0.000000e+000 # 2.993627e+001 # -3.271008e-004 # 3.759160e-006 # 1.565300e-009 # 0.99982783 # -2.24792 # 0.000000e+000 # 1.282462e-002 # -8.599824e+000 # # # # # # 5130 # 18-Mar-23 # 1 # 0.00000000e+000 # 0.00000000e+000 # 0.00000000e+000 # 0.00000000e+000 # 0.000 # 4.36041069e-003 # 6.40314647e-004 # 2.15484838e-005 # 1.88531001e-006 # 1000.000 # 1.00000000 # 0.0000 # # # # # # 1766 # 18-Jan-23 # 1 # # 0.0000 # 2000.0000 # 0 # # 0.00000000e+000 # 0.00000000e+000 # 0.00000000e+000 # 0.00000000e+000 # 0.0 # -9.57000000e-008 # # # -4.12945799e+000 # 4.88701129e-001 # -7.05780608e-004 # 5.84314106e-005 # -9.57000000e-008 # 3.2500e-006 # # 0.00000000e+000 # # 1.00000000 # 0.00000 # # # # # # 4372 # 27-Mar-23 # 1 # # # 0.0000 # 0.0000e+000 # 0.0000 # 0.00e+000 # 0.0000 # 0.0 # # # # 5.2078e-001 # -0.5324 # -4.6090e-003 # 1.7376e-004 # -2.8493e-006 # 2.5826e+000 # 1.92634e-004 # -4.64803e-002 # 3.6000e-002 # 1.2400 #

-3.3000e-002

#

5.0000e+003

#

1.4500e+003

# # # # # # # # # # 76341 # 2024-01-30 # 15.000 # 0.000 # # # # # # 70613 # 2021-02-24 # 1.00000000 # 0.00000000 # 8620689655.17000010 # 1.00000000 # -0.11660000 # # # # # # FLRTD-2216 # 8-Mar-17 # 1.20000000e+001 # # 0.0440 # # # # # # # # # 1185DR # 2024-01-11 # 19.8801 # -1.1650 # 0.250 # # # # # # 1883DG # 2024-01-11 # 20.2896 # -0.0487 # 0.250 # # # # datcnv_date = Sep 15 2025 09:38:56, 7.26.7.129 [datcnv_vars = 14] # datcnv_in = C:\Users\BEDARDJ\Desktop\Data Processing\CTD-2024-019\CTD\1-Seabir dSteps\Raw CTD Data\2024-019-0105.hex C:\Users\BEDARDJ\Desktop\Data Processing\CTD-2024-019\CTD\1- SeabirdSteps\2024-019-v2.XMLCON # datcnv_skipover = 0 # datcnv_ox_hysteresis_correction = yes # wildedit_date = Sep 15 2025 10:15:24, 7.26.7.129 # wildedit_in = C:\Users\BEDARDJ\Desktop\Data Processing\CTD-2024-019\CTD\1-Seab irdSteps\1_DATACNV\2024-019-0105.cnv # wildedit_pass1_nstd = 2.0 # wildedit_pass2_nstd = 5.0 # wildedit_pass2_mindelta = 0.000e+000 # wildedit_npoint = 50 # wildedit_vars = prDM depSM t090C t190C c0S/m c1S/m flECO-AFL CStarTr1 # wildedit_excl_bad_scans = yes # alignctd_date = Sep 15 2025 10:17:54, 7.26.7.129 # alignctd_in = C:\Users\BEDARDJ\Desktop\Data Processing\CTD-2024-019\CTD\1-Seab irdSteps\2_WILDEDIT\2024-019-0105.cnv # alignctd_adv = sbeox0V 2.500 # celltm_date = Sep 15 2025 10:21:48, 7.26.7.129 # celltm_in = C:\Users\BEDARDJ\Desktop\Data Processing\CTD-2024-019\CTD\1-Seabir dSteps\3_ALIGNCTD\2024-019-0105.cnv # celltm_alpha = 0.0245, 0.0245 # celltm_tau = 9.5000, 9.5000 # celltm_temp_sensor_use_for_cond = primary, secondary # Derive_date = Sep 15 2025 10:24:46, 7.26.7.129 [derive_vars = 3] # Derive_in = C:\Users\BEDARDJ\Desktop\Data Processing\CTD-2024-019\CTD\1-Seabir dSteps\4_CELLTM\2024-019-0105.cnv C:\Users\BEDARDJ\Desktop\Data Processing\CTD-2024-019\CTD\1- SeabirdSteps\2024-019-v2.XMLCON # derive_time_window_docdt = seconds: 2 # derive_ox_tau_correction = yes # file_type = ascii END* Remarks from CTDEDIT: Removed top and bottom data with low descent rates. CTD Data Processing Notes: -------------------------- Conductivity, Transmissivity and Fluorescence are nominal and unedited except that some records were removed in editing temperature and salinity. NOTE: While the fluorescence data are expressed in concentration units, they do not always compare well to extracted chlorophyll samples, particularly for casts far from shore. It is recommended that users check extracted chlorophyll values where available. There were 2 WetLabs CStar transmissometers in use during this cruise: Channel Transmissometer refers to sensor #1185DR (650nm - red) Channel Transmissometer:Green refers to sensor #1883DG (530nm - green) For comparison with other Institute of Ocean Sciences cruises, note that the transmissometer wavelength is 650nm unless otherwise stated. The SBE DO sensor has a fairly long response time so data accuracy is not as high when it is in motion as it is during stops for bottles. This will be especially true when vertical DO gradients are large. To get an estimate of the accuracy of the SBE DO data during downcasts (after recalibration) a rough comparison was made between downcast SBE DO and upcast titrated samples. Some of the difference will be due to problems with flushing of Niskin bottles and/or analysis errors, so the following statement likely underestimates SBE DO accuracy. Downcast (CTD files) Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE data for this cruise are considered, very roughly, to be: <0.08mL/L for pressure <200db <0.04mL/L for pressure between 200-300db <0.02mL/L for pressure >300db For details on the processing see the report: 2024-019_Processing_Report.doc. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- *CALIBRATION $TABLE: CALCULATED CHANNELS ! Name Units Fmla Pad Coefficients ! ---------------- -------- ---- ------ ------------ Salinity:T0:C0 PSS-78 10 -99 () (-0.1E-02 1) Salinity:T0:C0 PSS-78 10 -99 () (0 1) $END $TABLE: CORRECTED CHANNELS ! Name Units Fmla Pad Coefficients ! ---------------------- ------ ---- ------ ------------ Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE mL/L 10 -99 () (-0.37E-02 1) Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE mL/L 10 -99 () (0.19E-02 1) $END !--1--- --2--- ---3---- ----4---- ---5---- --6--- --7-- ---8--- --9-- --10- -11- !Pressu Depth Temperat Conductiv Salinity Oxygen Oxyge Fluores Trans Trans Numb !re ure: ity: :T0:C0 : n: cence: missi missi er_o ! Primary Primary Dissol Disso URU: vity vity: ~bin ! ved: lved: Wetlabs Green _rec ! SBE SBE ords !------ ------ -------- --------- -------- ------ ----- ------- ----- ----- ---- *END OF HEADER 3.0 3.1 9.5347 3.53090 32.5848 5.50 239.8 1.217 39.9 55.8 29 4.0 3.9 9.5275 3.53017 32.5834 5.53 241.0 1.228 39.9 56.1 30 5.0 5.0 9.5276 3.53024 32.5836 5.53 240.9 1.319 40.0 56.1 24 6.0 5.9 9.5274 3.53028 32.5838 5.52 240.7 1.513 40.5 56.6 22 7.0 6.9 9.5304 3.53079 32.5858 5.52 240.4 1.664 40.4 56.8 22 8.0 7.9 9.5298 3.53071 32.5851 5.51 240.2 1.736 40.5 56.8 22 9.0 8.9 9.5308 3.53107 32.5875 5.50 239.8 1.738 40.5 56.8 25 10.0 9.9 9.5305 3.53101 32.5867 5.50 239.5 1.746 40.7 57.2 27 11.0 10.9 9.5352 3.53186 32.5907 5.48 238.6 1.803 40.9 57.2 24 12.0 11.9 9.5395 3.53267 32.5946 5.47 238.3 1.911 41.2 57.9 20 13.0 12.9 9.5401 3.53270 32.5939 5.47 238.2 1.954 41.3 58.2 26 14.0 13.9 9.5367 3.53290 32.5986 5.43 236.7 1.998 41.7 58.6 38 15.0 14.8 9.5239 3.53343 32.6145 5.26 229.3 2.072 41.6 58.6 26 16.0 15.8 9.4550 3.53408 32.6842 4.89 213.2 1.802 43.4 61.3 18 17.0 16.8 9.3142 3.52907 32.7611 4.42 192.4 1.496 45.3 64.2 17 18.0 17.9 8.7943 3.50157 32.9555 3.95 172.0 1.401 46.2 65.8 15 19.0 18.9 8.5110 3.48855 33.0826 3.70 161.2 1.089 48.3 67.6 30 20.0 19.8 8.5056 3.48873 33.0892 3.66 159.5 0.715 49.1 70.6 47 21.0 20.8 8.4999 3.48897 33.0967 3.64 158.5 0.587 49.5 72.5 26 22.0 21.8 8.4812 3.48851 33.1088 3.62 157.7 0.512 49.9 72.7 21 23.0 22.8 8.4744 3.48838 33.1134 3.61 157.1 0.477 50.0 72.9 23 24.0 23.9 8.4646 3.48821 33.1203 3.58 156.1 0.563 50.0 72.8 37 25.0 24.7 8.4564 3.48804 33.1258 3.58 155.7 0.484 50.1 73.2 42 26.0 25.8 8.4501 3.48789 33.1298 3.55 154.6 0.447 50.1 73.2 22 27.0 26.8 8.4388 3.48776 33.1384 3.52 153.4 0.433 49.9 72.9 23 28.0 27.8 8.4342 3.48787 33.1435 3.51 152.8 0.440 50.2 72.7 24 29.0 28.8 8.4333 3.48800 33.1452 3.50 152.4 0.432 50.2 73.1 30 30.0 29.7 8.4271 3.48795 33.1500 3.48 151.6 0.419 50.3 73.5 29 31.0 30.7 8.4200 3.48785 33.1553 3.46 150.8 0.381 50.4 73.5 26 32.0 31.7 8.4168 3.48785 33.1579 3.42 148.9 0.387 50.3 73.4 21 33.0 32.7 8.3918 3.48739 33.1761 3.34 145.4 0.388 50.2 73.1 23 34.0 33.7 8.3262 3.48594 33.2221 3.24 141.2 0.380 50.1 73.2 29 35.0 34.7 8.2871 3.48492 33.2478 3.19 138.7 0.330 50.3 73.2 39 36.0 35.7 8.2612 3.48424 33.2647 3.12 135.9 0.316 50.3 73.2 30 37.0 36.7 8.2335 3.48360 33.2836 3.03 131.9 0.308 50.1 73.1 23 38.0 37.7 8.1703 3.48200 33.3262 2.95 128.5 0.256 50.1 73.0 23 39.0 38.7 8.1203 3.48064 33.3588 2.90 126.1 0.249 49.9 72.6 28 40.0 39.7 8.0865 3.47980 33.3815 2.84 123.8 0.254 49.7 72.3 37 41.0 40.7 8.0505 3.47888 33.4056 2.76 120.2 0.217 49.5 71.8 31 42.0 41.6 7.9972 3.47764 33.4428 2.71 117.8 0.199 49.2 71.3 35 43.0 42.2 7.9747 3.47721 33.4594 2.71 117.7 0.175 49.1 71.3 1