*2018/04/11 11:07:58.20 *IOS HEADER VERSION 2.0 2016/04/28 2016/06/13 IVF16 *FILE START TIME : UTC 2010/10/04 23:04:00.000 NUMBER OF RECORDS : 24 DATA DESCRIPTION : 'Bottle:Rosette:Up:NoStop and Stop as specified in' CONTINUED : ' SAMPLE METHOD' FILE TYPE : ASCII NUMBER OF CHANNELS : 21 $TABLE: CHANNELS ! No Name Units Minimum Maximum !--- ---------------------------------- --------------- -------------- -------------- 1 Sample_Number n/a 974 997 2 Sample_Method n/a 3 Bottle_Number n/a 1 24 4 Bottle_Integrity n/a 5 Pressure decibar 9.6 354.4 6 Temperature 'deg C (ITS90)' -1.5515 0.6069 7 Salinity PSS-78 26.5092 34.7536 8 Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE mL/L 6.256 8.944 9 Fluorescence:Calibrated:Seapoint mg/m^3 0.2E-01 0.139 10 Transmissivity %/metre 63 65 11 Fluorescence_CDOM:URU:Wetlabs volts 0.209 0.305 12 PAR:Reference uE/m^2/sec 384.57 644.3 13 Salinity:Bottle PSS-78 26.5386 34.7417 14 Flag:Salinity:Bottle n/a 15 Nitrate_plus_Nitrite umol/L 0 16.3 16 Flag:Nitrate_plus_Nitrite n/a 17 Silicate umol/L 2.5 35 18 Flag:Silicate n/a 19 Phosphate umol/L 0.53 1.93 20 Flag:Phosphate n/a 21 Bottle_Comment n/a $END $TABLE: CHANNEL DETAIL ! No Pad Start Width Format Type Decimal_Places !--- ---- ----- ----- ------ ---- -------------- 1 -99 ' ' ' ' I5 I ' ' 2 ' ' ' ' 8 NQ C ' ' 3 -99 ' ' ' ' I5 I ' ' 4 ' ' ' ' 5 NQ C ' ' 5 -99 ' ' ' ' F7.1 R4 ' ' 6 -99 ' ' ' ' F9.4 R4 ' ' 7 -99 ' ' ' ' F9.4 R4 ' ' 8 -99 ' ' ' ' F8.3 R4 ' ' 9 -99 ' ' ' ' F8.3 R4 ' ' 10 -99 ' ' ' ' F6.1 R4 ' ' 11 -99 ' ' ' ' F8.3 R4 ' ' 12 -99 ' ' ' ' F9.3 R4 ' ' 13 -99 ' ' ' ' F9.4 R4 ' ' 14 ' ' ' ' 3 NQ C ' ' 15 -99 ' ' ' ' F6.1 R4 ' ' 16 ' ' ' ' 3 NQ C ' ' 17 -99 ' ' ' ' F6.1 R4 ' ' 18 ' ' ' ' 3 NQ C ' ' 19 -99 ' ' ' ' F7.2 R4 ' ' 20 ' ' ' ' 3 NQ C ' ' 21 ' ' ' ' 50 NQ C ' ' $END $REMARKS Flag channels were initialized with zeros. Non-zero values have the following significance: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 = Sample for this measurement was collected but not analyzed. Sample lost. 2 = Acceptable Measurement 3 = Questionable Measurement (Probably Good) 4 = Poor Measurement (Probably Bad) 5 = Measurement Not Reported (Bad) 6 = Mean of replicate measurements 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration 9 = Sample was planned for this measurement from this bottle but was not collected ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sampling Methods are expressed with the following codes: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ROS:UN - No Stop ROS:US - Stop for 30 seconds ROS:USM - Up Stop Mix (Stop 30s, up 1m, down 2m, up 1m, wait 30s, close bottle) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bottle Integrity channel was initialized with zeros. Non-zero values have the following significance: (see Bottle_Comment channel): --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 01 = bottom spigot leak 5 = miss trip. 10 = top valve leak --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $END *ADMINISTRATION MISSION : 2010-07 AGENCY : IOS, Ocean Sciences Division, Sidney, B.C COUNTRY : Canada PROJECT : Joint Ocean Ice Study (JOIS incl PACI and BGEP) SCIENTIST : Bill Williams PLATFORM : Louis S. St. Laurent *LOCATION STATION : CB-12a EVENT NUMBER : 48 LATITUDE : 77 40.01000 N ! (deg min) LONGITUDE : 146 15.93000 W ! (deg min) WATER DEPTH : 3809 *HISTORY $TABLE: PROGRAMS ! Name Vers Date Time Recs In Recs Out ! ------------ ------ ---------- -------- --------- --------- SPRD2IS 5.1 2018/04/11 09:50:38 24 24 REORDER 1.3.1 2018/04/11 09:58:28 ? ? CLEAN 5.2.2 2018/04/11 09:59:27 24 24 SORT 3.6 2018/04/11 10:01:00 24 24 CHANGE_FLAGS 2.0 2018/04/11 10:06:01 24 24 HDREDIT2 3.1.1 2018/04/11 11:07:58 ? ? $END $REMARKS -CLEAN functions: 2018/04/11 09:59:06 20 Reset #RECS, MIN & MAX values in header. Delete Empty Channels: 19 deleted. -SORT parameters: 2018/04/11 10:01:00 Sorted in ascending order of channel Pressure [decibar] -HEADER EDITS: 2018/04/11 11:07:58 Applied edit header: Z:\SHARE\DATA\Data Archive Process - 2017\Joe's work\2010-07\Headers\2010-07 CHE Header casts 47-56.txt $END *INSTRUMENT TYPE : Sea-Bird CTD MODEL : SBE-911plus SERIAL NUMBER : 0756 $REMARKS A rosette, holding 24 ten-litre Niskin Bottles, with a CTD was used. $END *CALIBRATION $TABLE: CORRECTED CHANNELS ! Name Units Fmla Pad Coefficients ! --------------------------- -------- ---- ------ ------------ Conductivity:Primary mS/cm 10 -99 () (0.116E-01 0.9997) Conductivity:Secondary mS/cm 10 -99 () (0.98E-02 0.9997) Fluorescence:URU:Seapoint mg/m^3 10 -99 () (0.66E-02 0.3815) $END *COMMENTS CTD Data Processing Notes: -------------------------- Processing notes can be found in the DOC directory in folder "Individual Data Reports" (2010-07 CTD report Draft - MD 20101118.doc). Standard seabird processing steps were used. Pressure, primary and secondary temperature, primary and secondary conductivity, oxygen and fluorescence have been calibrated. Spikes in primary temperature and primary conductivity have been interpolated over and where needed secondary values (when available) have replaced the primary values. Salinity was recalculated. Transmission, CDOM fluorescence, altimetry, and ISUS nitrate are not calibrated or have nominal calibrations as described below. For further information see document: 2010-07_CTD SBE911 Processing.doc CTD Pressure: The lab calibration was adjusted by applying +0.42dbar offset to the bias based on in-air surface readings of the CTD. CTD Temperature: The pre-cruise lab calibration was used after comparisons with dual sensor and post-cruise calibration information. CTD Conductivity: The pre-cruise lab calibration was adjusted after comparisons with dual sensor, expected deep water values and water sample data. Primary conductivity was adjusted from the pre-cruise lab calibration over 4 groups of casts to correct for initial offsets equivalent to -0.0025 to -0.0062 PSU in salinity. Secondary conductivity was adjusted from the pre-cruise calibration in 2 groups of casts to correct for initial offsets equivalent to -0.0005 to -0.0015 PSU in salinity. CTD Oxygen: Oxygen data were collected with a SBE43 sensor installed with pumped flow in-line after the primary temperature and conductivity sensors. A lag of -7 seconds was applied to oxygen voltage in the Seabird processing step Align. Downcast CTD oxygen voltage and upcast temperature and salinity were used to calibrate CTD to water sample oxygen (upcast). Fitting method followed Seabirds Application Note 64-2 (“SBE 43 Dissolved Oxygen Sensor Calibration and Data Corrections using Winkler Titrations”). A fit for casts 1 to 38 was applied to all casts with an additional offset of 0.02ml/l applied to casts 58 to 72. A remaining pressure dependent shape in the residual between water sample and CTD oxygen was removed by subtracting a mean curve. The mean curve was made by fitting data from discreet pressure ranges and then stitching together the curves for each pressure range using spline interpolation. CTD Fluorometer: Data are from a Seapoint fluorometer with pumped flow in-line after the secondary temperature and conductivity sensors. An alignment of -3sec applied. Calibration with bottle data was performed using bottle chlorophyll values between 0.025 and 0.600 mg/m3 with a resulting adjustment of y = 0.0066 + 0.3815x where x was nominal chlorophyll value and n= 64 out of 76, STD of 0.01mg/m3. CTD Transmissometer: Data are from a WETLabs CSTAR DR transmissometer. Data are unprocessed, using an in-air 2-point calibration from 21 Jun 2010. An alignment of -5sec applied. CTD CDOM Fluorometer: Data are from a WETLabs ECO CDOM FLCDRTD. They are unprocessed and given as raw voltage. An alignment of -4sec was applied. CTD Altimeter: Altimeter data are from a Datasonics PSA-916D and are unprocessed, using a calibration from 31 March 2005. CTD Nitrate: Data are from an ISUS Nitrate sensor used on select stations. Data are available for casts 1, 2, 5 (downcast to 600dbar) and 25. Data are unprocessed. CTD Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR): Data collected using a Biospherical QSP-2300, however only used on Cast 1 and 2. These data are unprocessed with calibration from 13Mar2007 applied. CTD Surface Reference Photosynthetically Active Radiation (SPAR): Data collected using a Biospherical QSR-2200. These data are nominal with applied calibration from 13Mar2007. Sensor not regularly cleaned and may have had a temporary snow cover during casts. Data Notes: Cast 25 - Nitrate data replaced with pad value after 600 dbar. Cast 49 - Fluorescence CDOM data removed. Data value pegged at maximum voltage of 4.95V. Cause unknown. Chemistry Sampling and Analysis Methods: ---------------------------------------- Typically, the rosette was not stopped during the upcast when the Niskin bottles were closed.To account for bottle flushing and timing offsets the CTD data associated with the Niskins were taken from -4.4 seconds before the closure based on matching CTD and water sample salinities in the top 300m where the vertical gradient of salinity is high. For further information see corresponding processing document in the DOC directory in folder "Individual Data Reports" Salinity samples were collected in 200 mL type II glass bottles with screw caps and disposable plastic inserts. On board, samples were analyzed in a temperature-controlled lab on a Guildline AutoSalinometer Model 8400B (SN: 69086), which was standardized with IAPSO standard seawater. Onshore, samples from casts 48–72, were analyzed February 2-11, 2011 in a temperature-controlled lab on the Guildline AutoSalinometer Model 8400B (SN: 69572), which was standardized with IAPSO standard seawater. Oxygen samples were collected in ~140 mL calibrated ground glass stoppered Erlenmeyer flasks and analyzed at sea using an automated Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) Winkler-based UV titration system, consisting of laptop with LVO2 software (v2.34), 2 Brinkmann 665 Dosimats, pencil UV lamp, UV100BQ photodiode detector, mini stirrer with a water bath sample holder mounted on top, 2 Platinum Resistance Thermometers (PRT) to monitor solution temperatures, an analogue to digital converter to convert voltages from the detector and the 2 PRTs to a digital signal. The methodology followed was as described in the SIO Oxygen Titration Manual Version 10-Apr-2003. Nutrient samples (nitrate plus nitrite, silicate and orthophosphate) were collected in polystyrene test tubes. One sample was analyzed on board and one was frozen as a backup for analysis on shore at IOS. For the samples analyzed at sea, if analysis could be performed within 24 hours the samples were stored at 4 degree C, if not they were frozen at -20 degree C. All samples were analyzed fresh on board using a Technicon auto-analyzer following methods described in Barwell-Clarke and Whitney (1996). Ammonium samples were collected in 40.5 mL glass tubes, and analyzed on board following the Holmes et al. (1999) fluorometric protocol. After adding working reagent to samples, they were kept in the dark for 5 to 8 hours at room temperature then measured using a Trilogy fluorometer (Turner Designs) in UV mode. Oxygen Isotopes Samples were collected into 30 ml glass vials. Once at room temperature, the caps were retightened and the vials inverted for storage. Samples were analyzed at Oregon State University by Jennifer McKay using the Thermo Finnigan DeltaPlusXL mass spectrometer May to June 2012 (21 to 22 months after collection). Internal standards used at OSU were LROSS-4, LROSS-5 and HOT-3. The isotopic composition was calibrated against the international standards of VSMOW and GISP. Precision is ± <0.05‰. Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) and Alkalinity: DIC and Alkalinity were collected into 250 or 500 mL glass bottles. Samples were kept at 4 degree C until analysis and preserved with HgCl2. Samples were analyzed April to May 2011 (7 to 8 months after collection). Alkalinity ("Alkalinity:Total") and DIC ("Carbon:Dissolved:Inorganic") were measured from the same sample bottle at select stations. In addition, more frequent samples of Alkalinity were collected at most stations and have been labelled "Alkalinity:Total:Potentiometric" to distinguish this set of separate samples, even though both sets of Alkalinity samples were measured using potentiometric titration. DIC was analyzed at the Institute of Ocean Sciences using two systems, a SOMMA (Single-Operator Multi-Metabolic Analyzer) and a VINDTA - Coulometer systems to determine DIC. Alkalinity samples were analyzed at the Institute of Ocean Sciences using an automated potentiometric titration system to determine the total alkalinity. Total Chlorophyll-a (>0.7um) samples were collected into 1-L and 2-L polyethylene bottles. Samples were filtered onto 25 mm glass fiber filters (Whatman GF/F) under low vacuum filtration. If the sample could not be filtered immediately, it was kept cool until filtered and the time taken until filtered was noted. Filters were then folded in half in aluminum foil and stored at -80°C for later analysis at IOS. For analysis, samples were extracted in 90% acetone at -20C for 24 hours and analyzed on a Turner 10AU fluorometer, SN:5152FRXX, calibrated with commercially pure chlorophyll a standard (Sigma). Fluorescence readings taken before and after acidification were used to calculate chlorophyll and phaeopigment concentrations (Holm-Hansen et al 1965). Samples were analysed at IOS, November 2010, 2 months after collection. It was found that about half the samples were compromised where all cholorphyll values were 0, likely due to mishandling of one of the two bags of samples however the cause has not been determined. The compromised data have been flagged and have not been reported. Good casts: 3, 12-17, 19-24, 26-32, 34, 35-37, 40, 42, 49. Bad casts: Casts 1, 2, 4, 5, 11, 12, 33. References: 1. J. Barwell-Clarke and F. Whitney. 1996. Institute of Ocean Sciences Nutrient Methods and Analysis. Canadian Technical Report of Hydrography and Ocean Sciences, No. 182, 43 pp. 2. Holm-Hansen, O., Lorenzen, C.J., Holmes, R.W., and Strickland J.D.H. 1965. Fluorometric Determination of Chlorophyll. J.du Cons. Intl. Pour l’Epl. De la Mer. 30:3-15. 3. Holmes, R.M., Aminot, A., Kérouel, R., Hooker, B.A. and Peterson, B.J. (1999). A simple and precise method for measuring ammonium in marine and freshwater ecosystems. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 56: 1801-1808. 4. Li, W.K.W., and Dickie, P.M. 2001. Monitoring phytoplankton, bacterioplankton, and virioplankton in a coastal inlet (Bedford Basin) by flow cytometry. Cytometry 44: 236-246 . !-1-- ---2--- -3-- -4-- --5--- ---6---- ---7---- ---8--- ---9--- --10- ---11-- ---12--- ---13--- 14 --15- 16 --17- 18 --19-- 20 ------------------------21----------------------- !Samp Sample_ Bott Bott Pressu Temperat Salinity Oxygen: Fluores Trans Fluores PAR: Salinity Fl Nitra Fl Silic Fl Phosph Fl Bottle_Comment !le_ Method le_ le_ re ure Dissolv cence: missi cence_ Referenc :Bottle ag te_ ag ate ag ate ag !Numb Numb Inte ed:SBE Calibra vity CDOM: e ~o plus_ ~t ~i ~p !er er grit ted:Sea URU: tt Nitri ri ca ha ! y point Wetlabs le te te te te !---- ------- ---- ---- ------ -------- -------- ------- ------- ----- ------- -------- -------- -- ----- -- ----- -- ------ -- ------------------------------------------------- *END OF HEADER 997 UN 24 0 9.6 -1.4420 26.5092 8.908 0.088 63.6 0.209 449.940 26.5386 0 0.0 0 2.5 0 0.53 0 996 UN 23 0 22.6 -1.0333 27.7236 8.944 0.106 63.6 0.219 459.560 28.0155 0 0.0 0 2.5 0 0.59 0 995 UN 22 0 42.5 -0.5307 29.9082 8.803 0.099 63.4 0.251 440.330 30.1194 0 0.2 0 2.9 0 0.70 0 994 UN 21 0 52.6 -0.6060 30.7459 8.470 0.139 63.0 0.266 444.170 30.8274 0 1.3 0 5.7 0 0.82 0 993 UN 20 0 63.0 -0.7848 31.1259 8.287 0.125 63.5 0.269 453.790 31.2570 0 3.3 0 8.2 0 0.98 0 992 UN 19 0 73.2 -0.7043 31.5057 8.007 0.046 64.1 0.282 486.480 31.5499 0 4.8 0 10.6 0 1.11 0 991 UN 18 0 83.2 -0.7290 31.8444 7.562 0.034 64.2 0.292 528.780 31.9598 0 7.9 0 15.9 0 1.35 0 990 UN 17 0 92.8 -0.9535 32.0571 7.247 0.032 64.2 0.299 546.080 32.0862 0 9.1 0 18.5 0 1.45 0 989 UN 16 0 103.3 -1.1244 32.2644 7.034 0.026 64.3 0.301 514.580 32.2692 0 10.6 0 21.7 0 1.58 0 988 UN 15 0 123.6 -1.2373 32.5354 6.814 0.027 64.2 0.298 403.790 32.5550 0 12.8 0 26.0 0 1.73 0 987 UN 14 0 144.1 -1.4277 32.7570 6.464 0.027 64.5 0.301 405.720 32.7654 0 14.6 0 30.4 0 1.85 0 986 UN 13 0 164.2 -1.5248 32.9631 6.460 0.026 64.6 0.302 405.720 33.0028 0 15.9 0 33.9 0 1.91 0 985 UN 12 0 174.1 -1.5515 33.0571 6.419 0.025 64.4 0.305 405.720 33.0808 0 16.3 0 35.0 0 1.93 0 984 UN 11 0 184.4 -1.5443 33.1823 6.443 0.026 64.5 0.302 403.790 33.2007 0 16.0 0 34.8 0 1.88 0 983 UN 10 0 194.5 -1.5026 33.3079 6.458 0.026 64.6 0.304 405.720 33.3197 0 15.6 0 33.7 0 1.83 0 982 UN 9 0 204.6 -1.4316 33.4703 6.432 0.027 64.6 0.301 401.870 33.5225 0 15.0 0 30.7 0 1.70 0 981 UN 8 0 214.4 -1.2671 33.6648 6.278 0.027 64.8 0.305 392.260 33.6867 0 14.7 0 29.0 0 1.63 0 980 UN 7 0 224.9 -1.0833 33.9310 6.256 0.026 64.7 0.296 394.180 33.9624 0 13.9 0 23.5 0 1.41 0 979 UN 6 0 245.2 -0.8461 34.2228 6.353 0.024 64.8 0.290 388.410 34.2505 0 11.4 0 13.2 0 0.98 0 978 UN 5 0 265.4 -0.4996 34.3796 6.514 0.024 64.9 0.275 388.110 34.3787 0 11.2 0 10.9 0 0.91 0 977 UN 4 0 285.5 -0.1650 34.5051 6.542 0.023 64.9 0.265 384.570 -99.0000 5 11.7 0 9.1 0 0.87 0 976 UN 3 0 305.7 0.1352 34.6006 6.577 0.022 65.0 0.251 401.870 34.6022 0 11.8 0 8.8 0 0.87 0 975 UN 2 0 331.3 0.4198 34.6936 6.579 0.021 65.0 0.242 644.300 34.7003 0 12.2 0 8.4 0 0.88 0 974 UN 1 0 354.4 0.6069 34.7536 6.629 0.020 65.0 0.237 417.250 34.7417 0 12.3 0 8.0 0 0.87 0