*2025/01/07 14:21:55.36 *IOS HEADER VERSION 2.0 2016/04/28 2016/06/13 IVF16 *FILE START TIME : UTC 2007/08/14 06:43:00.000 NUMBER OF RECORDS : 24 DATA DESCRIPTION : 'Bottle:Rosette:Up:NoStop and Stop as specified in' CONTINUED : ' SAMPLE METHOD' FILE TYPE : ASCII NUMBER OF CHANNELS : 20 $TABLE: CHANNELS ! No Name Units Minimum Maximum !--- ---------------------------------- --------------- -------------- -------------- 1 Sample_Number n/a 1265 1288 2 Sample_Method n/a 3 Bottle_Number n/a 1 24 4 Pressure decibar 5.1 1013.4 5 Temperature 'deg C (ITS90)' -0.9651 0.9 6 Salinity PSS-78 24.8684 34.8825 7 Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE mL/L 6.72 9.1 8 Fluorescence:Calibrated:Seapoint mg/m^3 0.33E-01 0.5E-01 9 Transmissivity %/metre 89.29 90.45 10 Nitrate_plus_Nitrite:ISUS volts 0 0 11 PAR uE/m^2/sec 0 0 12 PAR:Reference uE/m^2/sec 107.68 155.75 13 Salinity:Bottle PSS-78 25.96 34.8826 14 Flag:Salinity:Bottle n/a 15 Cesium137 mBq/L 1.6 3.83 16 Cesium137uncert mBq/L 0.18 0.3 17 Flag:Cesium137 n/a 18 Iodine129 '10exp7 at/L' 66.4 105.8 19 Iodine129uncert '10exp7 at/L' 1.3 2 20 Flag:Iodine129 n/a $END $TABLE: CHANNEL DETAIL ! No Pad Start Width Format Type Decimal_Places !--- ---- ----- ----- ------ ---- -------------- 1 -99 ' ' ' ' I5 I ' ' 2 ' ' ' ' 8 NQ C ' ' 3 -99 ' ' ' ' I5 I ' ' 4 -99 ' ' ' ' F7.1 R4 ' ' 5 -99 ' ' ' ' F9.4 R4 ' ' 6 -99 ' ' ' ' F9.4 R4 ' ' 7 -99 ' ' ' ' F7.2 R4 ' ' 8 -99 ' ' ' ' F8.3 R4 ' ' 9 -99 ' ' ' ' F7.2 R4 ' ' 10 -99 ' ' ' ' F7.3 R4 ' ' 11 -99 ' ' ' ' F11.3 R4 ' ' 12 -99 ' ' ' ' F11.3 R4 ' ' 13 -99 ' ' ' ' F9.4 R4 ' ' 14 ' ' ' ' 3 NQ C ' ' 15 -99 ' ' ' ' F8.2 R4 ' ' 16 -99 ' ' ' ' F8.2 R4 ' ' 17 ' ' ' ' 3 NQ C ' ' 18 -99 ' ' ' ' F8.2 R4 ' ' 19 -99 ' ' ' ' F8.2 R4 ' ' 20 ' ' ' ' 3 NQ C ' ' $END $REMARKS Flag channels were initialized with zeros. Non-zero values have the following significance: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 = Sample for this measurement was collected but not analyzed. Sample lost. 2 = Acceptable Measurement 3 = Questionable Measurement (Probably Good) 4 = Poor Measurement (Probably Bad) 5 = Measurement Not Reported (Bad) 6 = Mean of replicate measurements 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration 9 = Sample was planned for this measurement from this bottle but was not collected ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sampling Methods are expressed with the following codes: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ROS:UN - No Stop ROS:US - Stop for 30 seconds ROS:USM - Up Stop Mix (Stop 30s, up 1m, down 2m, up 1m, wait 30s, close bottle) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $END *ADMINISTRATION MISSION : 2007-20 AGENCY : IOS, Ocean Sciences Division, Sidney, B.C COUNTRY : Canada PROJECT : Joint Ocean Ice Study (JOIS incl JWACS and BGOS) SCIENTIST : McLaughlin F. PLATFORM : Louis S. St. Laurent *LOCATION STATION : CB-12 EVENT NUMBER : 65 LATITUDE : 77 42.28000 N ! (deg min) LONGITUDE : 146 48.37000 W ! (deg min) WATER DEPTH : 3806 *HISTORY $TABLE: PROGRAMS ! Name Vers Date Time Recs In Recs Out ! ------------ ------ ---------- -------- --------- --------- SPRD2IS 5.1 2017/03/25 11:14:29 24 24 CLEAN 5.2.2 2017/03/25 11:15:53 24 24 SORT 3.6 2017/03/25 11:21:44 24 24 HDREDIT2 3.1.1 2017/04/01 12:39:42 ? ? CHANGE_FLAGS 2.0 2017/04/01 12:59:02 24 24 HDREDIT2 3.2 2025/01/07 14:21:55 ? ? $END $REMARKS -CLEAN functions: 2017/03/25 11:15:48 20 Reset #RECS, MIN & MAX values in header. Delete Empty Channels: 36 deleted. -SORT parameters: 2017/03/25 11:21:44 Sorted in ascending order of channel Pressure [decibar] -HEADER EDITS: 2017/04/01 12:39:42 Applied edit header: Z:\SHARE\DATA\Data Archive Process - 2017\Joe's work\2007-20\Headers\2007-20 CHE Header.txt -HEADER EDITS: 2025/01/07 14:21:55 - none. $END *INSTRUMENT $REMARKS A rosette, holding 24 ten-litre Niskin Bottles, with a CTD was used. $END *CALIBRATION $TABLE: CORRECTED CHANNELS !Name Units Fmla Pad Coefficients !--------------------------- ------------ ---- ------ ------------ Conductivity:Primary mS/cm 10 -99 () (0.18E-02 1) Conductivity:Secondary mS/cm 10 -99 () (0.16E-02 1) Fluorescence:URU:Seapoint mg/m^3 10 -99 () (-0.45E-02 0.7909) Transmissivity %/metre 10 -99 () (0.559E-01 0.525E-01) Transmissivity %/metre 10 -99 () (-1.084 19.36) PAR uE/m^2/sec 10 -99 () (0 1.5976) $END *COMMENTS CTD Data Processing Notes: -------------------------- For full details see report Physical and chemical data from the Canada Basin July 26 to August 31, 2007 cited below. Standard seabird processing steps and Matlab based routines were used. CTD Pressure: Lab calibration (29th Oct 2002) adjusted by applying -0.48dbar offset to the bias based on in-air surface readings of the CTD. CTD Temperature: Pre-cruise lab calibration was used after comparisons with dual sensor and post-cruise calibration information. CTD Conductivity: Pre-cruise lab calibration adjusted after comparisons with dual sensor, post-cruise calibrations and water sample data. Primary conductivity adjusted by bias of +0.0018 mS/cm . Secondary conductivity adjusted by bias of +0.0016 mS/cm. CTD Oxygen: Oxygen data are from a SeaBird SBE43 sensor with pumped flow in-line after the primary temperature and conductivity sensors. A lag of -8 seconds was applied to oxygen voltage in the Seabird processing step Align. Downcast CTD oxygen voltage and upcast temperature and salinity were used to calibrate CTD to water sample oxygen (upcast). The 107 casts required 6 calibration groups. Fitting method followed Seabirds Application Note 64-2 (“SBE 43 Dissolved Oxygen Sensor Calibration and Data Corrections using Winkler Titrations”). A remaining pressure dependent shape in the residual between water sample and CTD oxygen was removed by subtracting a mean curve. Parts of the mean curve were found by fitting sections of data from discreet pressure ranges. The parts were then stitched together via spline interpolation to create a full profile mean curve. CTD Fluorometer: Fluorometer data are from a Seapoint sensor with pumped flow in-line after the secondary temperature and conductivity sensors. Calibration with bottle data performed using bottle chlorophyll values between 0.025 and 0.60 mg/m3. The number of observations used were 116 out of 141 with a standard deviation of 0.03 in the residuals. Coefficients used: Slope: 0.7909, Bias: -0.0045. Alignment of -4 seconds was used. Frequent single dropouts in fluorescence to 0 have been fixed by setting to neighbor value. ISUS: Data are uncalibrated. The voltage is proportional to nitrate. Transmissometer data are unprocessed, using calibration from 28 Aug 2006. PAR data are unprocessed, using corrected calibration from 13 Mar 2007. Altimeter data are unprocessed, using calibration from Mar 2005. Data Notes: - Spikes in temperature, conductivity and oxygen have been linearly interpolated over and where needed secondary values (when available) have replaced the primary values. Chemistry Sampling and Analysis Methods: --------------------------------------- For full details see report "Physical and chemical Data from the Canada Basin, July 26 to August 31, 2007." cited below. Salinity samples were collected in 200 mL type II glass bottles with disposable plastic inserts and screw caps. On board, samples were analyzed in a temperature-controlled lab on a Guildline AutoSalinometer Model 8400B (SN: 69086), which was standardized with IAPSO standard seawater. Onshore, 2 casts were analyzed November 2007 on the Guildline AutoSalinometer Model 8400B (SN: 68572), which was standardized with IAPSO standard seawater. Dissolved Oxygen: Oxygen samples were collected in glass flasks and analyzed on board on an automated Micro-Winkler titration system following the procedures of Carpenter (1965). The titration was performed with a Metrohn Dosimat 665 and the end point was detected using a Brinkmann probe Colorimeter PC910 (SN: 910-358). Software written at the Institute of Ocean Sciences, NewAutoOxy.exe, was used to calculate dissolved oxygen (ml/L). Oxygen data received correction post-cruise in May 2008 and February 2009 of 0.0 to 0.3 mL/L after recalibrating the volume of potassium iodide standard, identifing one unexplained drift in the uniform bottom water, and recalibrating flask volumes. Nutrient samples (nitrate plus nitrite, silicate and orthophosphate) were collected in polystyrene test tubes. If analysis could be performed on board within 24 hours the samples were stored at 4 degree C, if not they were frozen at -20 degree C. Note Surfactants for all three nutrients were misplaced during shipping. Palmolive dish detergent was an effective surfactant for nitrate and silicate but not for phosphate. Beginning August 12th with Cast 43, all phosphate samples were frozen in glass for analysis at the Institute of Ocean Sciences(IOS). Frozen samples were analyzed at IOS February and March 2008. Samples were not filtered. Samples were analyzed using a Technicon auto-analyzer following methods described in Barwell-Clarke and Whitney (1996). Ammonium samples were collected in 50 mL glass tubes, and analysed onboard following the Holmes et al. (1999) fluorometric protocol. Samples were kept in the dark for 5 to 8 hours at room temperature. Samples were then measured using a Turner Designs TD-700 fluorometer. Oxygen Isotopes Samples were collected into 30 ml glass vials. Once at room temperature, the caps were retightened and wrapped with parafilm for storage. The bulk of the samples (623) were analyzed January to March 2008 at Oregon State University's COAS Stable Isotope Lab using a Thermo Finnigan Delta Plus XL isotope ratio mass spectrometer with precision between +/- <0.05%.Samples from 9 stations (92) were analyzed at Hokkaido University using a mass spectrometer. Samples were analyzed December 2007. Barium samples were collected in ~20 ml plastic vials. Once at room temperature the caps were retightened for storage. Barium concentrations were determined at Oregon State University, using isotope-dilution and a VG Thermo Excel Inductively coupled quadrupole mass spectrometer as previously described with minor modifications (Falkner et al., 1994). Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) and Alkalinity: DIC and Alkalinity were collected into 250 or 500 mL glass bottles. Samples were kept at 4 degree C until analysis and preserved with HgCl2. Alkalinity ("Alkalinity:Total") and DIC ("Carbon:Dissolved:Inorganic") were measured from the same sample bottle at select stations. In addition, more frequent samples of Alkalinity were collected at most stations and have been labelled "Alkalinity:Total:Potentiometric" to distinguish this set of separate samples, even though both sets of Alkalinity samples were measured using potentiometric titration. DIC was analyzed at the Institute of Ocean Sciences using a SOMMA (Single-Operator Multi-Metabolic Analyzer) - Coulometer system to determine DIC. Alkalinity samples were analyzed at the Institute of Ocean Sciences using an automated potentiometric titration system to determine the total alkalinity. Total Chlorophyll-a (>0.7um) samples were collected into 2 L brown Nalgene sample bottles, immediately placed in dark bags and stored in a fridge. Samples were filtered onto 25mm GF/F filters using low vacuum filtration. The filters were put in scintillation vials and either extracted immediately or frozen at -20 degree C until analysis. All samples were analyzed on board. For analysis, 10 ml of 90% acetone was added to the scintillation vial which was then put into a -20 degree C freezer for 24 hours. The samples were allowed to adjust to room temperature for an hour before being read with the fluorometer. Chlorophyll-a and phaeo-pigment levels were measured with a Turner Designs 10 AU-005 Field Fluorometer SN:5152FRXX calibrated with a commercially pure chl-a standard (Sigma). The sample was acidified with 2 drops of 1N hydrochloric acid to obtain the phaeo-pigment reading. Chlorophyll estimates and phaeopigment estimates are calculated following the procedure in JGOFS manual (1994) cited below. Phytoplankton and bacterioplankton were collected in 2 ml capacity cryogenic vial and fixed with 0.2 ml of 10% paraformaldehyde by vortex mixing. Samples were maintained for at least 15 min at laboratory temperature to allow fixation, and then stored at -80 degree C until analysis at the Bedford Institute of Oceanography. Cell concentrations of picophytoplankton, nanophytoplankton, and bacterioplankton (i.e. non-autofluorescent picoplankton) in thawed samples were analyzed by flow cytometry (Becton Dickinson FACSort) following protocols in routine use (Li and Dickie, 2001). Iodine 129 samples were collected into 1 L PVC bottles Samples and returned to the Laboratory of the Atlantic Environmental Radioactivity Unit (AERU) at the Bedford Institute of Oceanography (BIO). In the laboratory, a NaI carrier was added to a 200 mL aliquot of the seawater sample, it was slightly acidified, purified using multiple hexane extractions and iodine was precipitated as NaI. The NaI precipitate was shipped to the IsoTrace Laboratory at the University of Toronto where 129I analyses were performed by accelerator mass spectrometry (Smith et al. 1998; 1999; 2005). Cesium 137 samples were collected into four 10 L plastic carboys from approximately 40 L of seawater. The water samples were passed through a potassium ferrocyanide (KCFC) packed resin column in the laboratory (AERU) which quantitatively extracts 137Cs from seawater (Smith et al. 1990; Smith & Ellis 1995). The KCFC resin was deployed in a standard geometry and measured using a hyperpure Ge detector having an efficiency of 25%. Particulate organic carbon (POC) samples were collected into 2 L Nalgene bottles. Onboard ship, 4 L samples were filtered onto 47 mm GF75 filters that had been pre-combusted at 500 degree C for 4 hours. The filtration was performed within 4 hours of sampling unless otherwise noted. Samples were analyzed at the University of British Columbia. The filters were first dried for 24 hours at 50 degree C, then fumed with HCl for 48 hours, dried again at 50 degree C for 24 hours, and then wrapped in aluminum foil and pressed into pellets. The pellets were run through the CN analyzer where the POC was determined. Total suspended solids samples were collected into 2 L Nalgene bottles. Onboard ship, 4 to 6 L were filtered onto 47 mm 0.4 µm polycarbonate nucleopore filters, that had been rinsed acid cleaned, rinsed with DMQ water, dried at 50 °C and pre-weighed to 0.001 mg. The filters were rinsed with 3% Ammonium carbonate solution after filtration was complete. The filters were then placed in a labeled 50 mm plastic petrie dish and frozen at -20 °C. The filtration was performed within 4 hours of sampling unless otherwise noted. Samples were analyzed at the University of British Columbia. Once in the lab, the TSS samples were dried at 50 °C for 24 hours and then weighed. The TSS concentration was equal to the final weight minus the initial weight divided by the volume of water filtered. References: 1. McLaughlin, F., Proshutinsky, A., Carmack, E.C., Shimada, K., Brown, K., Corkum, M., Dempsey, M., Drost, H., Eert, J., Guay, C., Gueguen, C., Hutchings, J., Itoh, M., Jackson, J., Kane, T., Krishfield, R., Li, B., Lovejoy, C., Maclean, H., Nelson, J., Nelson, R., Orlich, A., Smith, J., Steel, M., White, L., Wrohan, I., and Zimmermann, S. 2017. Physical and chemical data from the Canada Basin July 26 to August 31, 2007. Can. Data Rep. Hydrogr. Ocean Sci. 189: xx + xxx p. (in preparation). 2. Owens, W. B., and R. C. Millard Jr., 1985, A new algorithm for CTD oxygen calibration. J. Physical Oceanography., 15, 621-631. 3. Carpenter, J.H., 1965. The Chesapeake Bay Institute technique for the Winkler dissolved oxygen method, Limnol. Oceanogr., 10, 141-3. 4. J. Barwell-Clarke and F. Whitney. 1996. Institute of Ocean Sciences Nutrient Methods and Analysis. Canadian Technical Report of Hydrography and Ocean Sciences, No. 182, 43 pp. 5. Falkner, K.K., MacDonald, R.W., Carmack, E.C., and Weingartner, T. 1994. The potential of barium as a tracer of Arctic water masses, p. 63-76. In: O.M. Johannessen, R.D. Muench and J.E. Overland [eds.]. The Polar Oceans and Their Role in Shaping the Global Environment: The Nansen Centennial Volume, AGU Geophys. Monograph Series, AGU Books, Washington, DC. 6. Li, W.K.W., and Dickie, P.M. 2001. Monitoring phytoplankton, bacterioplankton, and virioplankton in a coastal inlet (Bedford Basin) by flow cytometry. Cytometry 44: 236-246. 7. Smith, J.N., Ellis, K.M. and Kilius, L.R. 1998. 129I and 137Cs tracer measurementsin the Arctic Ocean. Deep-Sea Research I. 45(6):959-984. 8. Smith, J.N., Ellis, K.M. and Boyd, T.M. 1999. Circulation features in the Central Arctic Ocean revealed by nuclear fuel reprocessing tracers from SCICEX 95 and 96, 1999. Journal of Geophysical Research. 104(C12):29,663-29,677. 9. Smith, J.N., Jones, E.P., Moran, S.B., Smethie Jr., W.M. and Kieser, W.E. 2005. 129I/CFC-11 Transit times for Denmark Strait Overflow Water in the Labrador and Irminger Seas. Journal of Geophysical Research. 110, C05006, doi:10.1029/2004JC002516. 10. Holmes, R.M., Aminot, A., Kérouel, R., Hooker, B.A. and Peterson, B.J. (1999). A simple and precise method for measuring ammonium in marine and freshwater ecosystems. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 56: 1801-1808. 11. JGOFS. 1994. Protocols for the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study (JGOFS) core measurements, Manual and guides 29, Scientific Committee on Ocean Research, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Paris, 170 pp. . !-1-- ---2--- -3-- --4--- ---5---- ---6---- --7--- ---8--- --9--- --10-- ----11---- ----12---- ---13--- 14 ---15-- ---16-- 17 ---18-- ---19-- 20 !Samp Sample_ Bott Pressu Temperat Salinity Oxygen Fluores Transm Nitrat PAR PAR: Salinity Fl Cesium1 Cesium1 Fl Iodine1 Iodine1 Fl !le_ Method le_ re ure : cence: issivi e_ Reference :Bottle ag 37 37uncer ag 29 29uncer ag !Numb Numb Dissol Calibra ty plus_ ~o t ~u t ~n !er er ved: ted:Sea Nitrit tt m1 e1 ! SBE point e:ISUS le 37 29 !---- ------- ---- ------ -------- -------- ------ ------- ------ ------ ---------- ---------- -------- -- ------- ------- -- ------- ------- -- *END OF HEADER 1285 US 21 5.1 -0.9108 25.2784 9.10 0.050 89.29 0.000 0.000 107.680 25.9600 0 1.60 0.18 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1286 US 22 5.1 -0.9318 25.1038 9.08 0.050 89.30 0.000 0.000 107.680 -99.0000 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1287 US 23 5.1 -0.9635 24.8684 9.03 0.050 89.41 0.000 0.000 107.680 -99.0000 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1288 US 24 5.1 -0.9651 24.8687 9.03 0.050 89.57 0.000 0.000 107.680 -99.0000 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1281 US 17 303.1 0.4773 34.7013 6.72 0.034 90.25 0.000 0.000 107.680 34.7196 0 3.75 0.28 0 105.80 2.00 0 1282 US 18 303.1 0.4771 34.7016 6.72 0.034 90.25 0.000 0.000 107.680 -99.0000 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1283 US 19 303.1 0.4769 34.7016 6.72 0.034 90.26 0.000 0.000 107.680 -99.0000 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1284 US 20 303.1 0.4763 34.7015 6.72 0.034 90.24 0.000 0.000 107.680 -99.0000 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1277 US 13 403.8 0.9000 34.8293 6.86 0.033 90.29 0.000 0.000 113.450 34.8316 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1278 US 14 403.8 0.8998 34.8295 6.86 0.033 90.30 0.000 0.000 113.450 -99.0000 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1279 US 15 403.8 0.8990 34.8291 6.86 0.033 90.29 0.000 0.000 113.450 -99.0000 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1280 US 16 403.9 0.8986 34.8290 6.86 0.033 90.29 0.000 0.000 113.300 -99.0000 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1273 US 9 607.1 0.5246 34.8563 6.90 0.033 90.36 0.000 0.000 126.910 34.8564 0 3.83 0.26 0 66.40 1.30 0 1274 US 10 607.1 0.5246 34.8562 6.90 0.033 90.36 0.000 0.000 126.910 -99.0000 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1275 US 11 607.2 0.5245 34.8562 6.90 0.033 90.35 0.000 0.000 126.910 -99.0000 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1276 US 12 607.2 0.5244 34.8561 6.90 0.033 90.35 0.000 0.000 126.910 -99.0000 0 3.53 0.25 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1269 US 5 810.3 0.2120 34.8684 6.92 0.033 90.41 0.000 0.000 138.590 34.8693 0 3.77 0.30 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1270 US 6 810.3 0.2117 34.8685 6.92 0.033 90.41 0.000 0.000 138.440 -99.0000 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1271 US 7 810.3 0.2121 34.8686 6.92 0.033 90.39 0.000 0.000 138.440 -99.0000 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1272 US 8 810.3 0.2119 34.8684 6.92 0.033 90.41 0.000 0.000 138.440 -99.0000 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1265 US 1 1013.4 -0.0106 34.8824 6.93 0.033 90.45 0.000 0.000 155.750 34.8826 0 2.65 0.22 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1266 US 2 1013.4 -0.0106 34.8825 6.93 0.033 90.44 0.000 0.000 155.750 -99.0000 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1267 US 3 1013.4 -0.0106 34.8823 6.93 0.033 90.45 0.000 0.000 155.750 -99.0000 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 1268 US 4 1013.4 -0.0106 34.8825 6.93 0.033 90.44 0.000 0.000 155.750 -99.0000 0 -99.00 -99.00 0 -99.00 -99.00 0