*2021/11/25 13:25:18.05 *IOS HEADER VERSION 2.0 2016/04/28 2016/06/13 IVF16 *FILE START TIME : UTC 2005/09/13 01:11:18.000 TIME INCREMENT : 0 0 0 0.416667E-01 0 ! (day hr min sec ms) NUMBER OF RECORDS : 3 DATA DESCRIPTION : Bottle:Rosette:Up:Stop + CTD:Up FILE TYPE : ASCII NUMBER OF CHANNELS : 24 $TABLE: CHANNELS ! No Name Units Minimum Maximum !--- ---------------------------- --------------- -------------- -------------- 1 Sample_Number n/a 1 3 2 Pressure decibar 1.66 175.33 3 Temperature:Primary 'deg C (ITS90)' 9.6631 14.4978 4 Salinity:T0:C0 PSS-78 28.9872 31.2943 5 Transmissivity %/metre 21.9 46.6 6 Fluorescence:URU:Seapoint mg/m^3 0.123 3.701 7 Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE mL/L 0.273 6.23 8 Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE umol/kg 11.90052 272.2855 9 PAR uE/m^2/sec 0.17E-01 201.922 10 PAR:Reference uE/m^2/sec 1347.228 1374.467 11 Bottle_Number n/a 1 3 12 Number_of_bin_records n/a 121 121 13 Salinity:Bottle PSS-78 31.2889 31.2889 14 Flag:Salinity:Bottle n/a 15 Chlorophyll:Extracted mg/m^3 1.47 2.53 16 Flag:Chlorophyll:Extracted n/a 17 Oxygen:Dissolved mL/L 0.135 6.197 18 Flag:Oxygen:Dissolved n/a 19 Nitrate umol/L -99 14.7 20 Flag:Nitrate n/a 21 Silicate umol/L 27.4 95.8 22 Flag:Silicate n/a 23 Phosphate umol/L 1.23 4.88 24 Flag:Phosphate n/a $END $TABLE: CHANNEL DETAIL ! No Pad Start Width Format Type Decimal_Places !--- ---- ----- ----- ------ ---- -------------- 1 -99 ' ' 5 I I 0 2 -99 ' ' 7 F ' ' 1 3 -99 ' ' 9 F ' ' 4 4 -99 ' ' 9 F ' ' 4 5 -99 ' ' 6 F ' ' 1 6 -99 ' ' 8 F ' ' 3 7 -99 ' ' 7 F ' ' 2 8 -99 ' ' 6 F ' ' 1 9 -99 ' ' 7 F ' ' 1 10 -99 ' ' 7 F ' ' 1 11 -99 ' ' 3 I I 0 12 ' ' ' ' 5 I I 0 13 -99 ' ' 9 F R4 4 14 0 ' ' 2 NQ C ' ' 15 -99 ' ' 7 F R4 2 16 0 ' ' 2 NQ C ' ' 17 -99 ' ' 8 F ' ' 3 18 0 ' ' 2 NQ C ' ' 19 ' ' ' ' 6 F R4 1 20 0 ' ' 2 NQ C ' ' 21 -99 ' ' 6 F R4 1 22 0 ' ' 2 NQ C ' ' 23 -99 ' ' 7 F R4 2 24 0 ' ' 2 NQ C ' ' $END $REMARKS Quality flags have the following significance: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 = Acceptable measurement with no header comment 1 = Sample for this measurement was collected but not analyzed. Sample lost. 2 = Acceptable measurement with header comment 3 = Questionable measurement (Probably Good) 4 = Poor measurement (Probably Bad) 5 = Measurement not reported (Bad) 6 = Mean of replicate measurements 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration 9 = Sample was planned for this measurement from this bottle but was not collected ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $END *ADMINISTRATION MISSION : 2005-25 AGENCY : IOS, Ocean Sciences Division, Sidney COUNTRY : Canada PROJECT : SoG/JdeF SCIENTIST : Pena A. PLATFORM : Vector *LOCATION GEOGRAPHIC AREA : Strait of Georgia /Juan de Fuca Strait STATION : SI EVENT NUMBER : 1 LATITUDE : 48 39.49000 N ! (deg min) LONGITUDE : 123 30.34000 W ! (deg min) WATER DEPTH : 185 ALTIMETER (M) : 4.15 ! custom item $REMARKS Altimeter value is distance from bottom and is calculated as the median of the deepest 2 metres of data. $END *INSTRUMENT TYPE : Sea-Bird CTD MODEL : SBE-911plus SERIAL NUMBER : 0443 LOCATION : Mid-ship ! custom item $TABLE: SENSORS ! Name Abs Depth Serial No ! ------------------------- -------------- ---------- temperature:primary ' ' 4484 conductivity:primary ' ' 3038 pressure ' ' 63507 temperature:secondary ' ' 2106 conductivity:secondary ' ' 1729 Fluorometer ' ' Seapoint transmissometer:primary ' ' 498DR Oxygen:SBE ' ' 0766 irradiance:primary ' ' 4565 altimeter: ' ' ' ' surface ' ' 'degrees = 0.0' $END $REMARKS SOFTWARE VERSION SEASAVE WIN32 V 5.35 Comments from secondary file: Q:\Cruise_Data\2005-25\CTD\hydro\2005-25-0001.add ------------------------------------------------- Dissolved oxygen concentration determined using an automated titration system consisting of a Brinkman dosimat (model 665) and a PC 900 Colorimeter. $END *HISTORY $TABLE: PROGRAMS ! Name Vers Date Time Recs In Recs Out ! ------------------------ ------ ---------- -------- --------- --------- SBE_IOS 2.9 2006/01/11 15:37:05 363 363 ADDSAMP 3.4 2006/01/13 09:31:54 363 363 BINAVE 4.1 2006/01/13 09:32:58 363 3 MERGE 3.3 2006/01/13 16:01:05 3 3 MERGE 3.3 2006/02/06 15:36:31 3 3 MERGE 3.3 2006/02/06 15:36:47 3 3 MERGE 3.3 2006/02/06 15:37:15 3 3 CALIB 11.7 2006/02/06 16:54:57 3 3 CLEAN 4.8.1 2006/02/07 10:00:24 ? ? SORT 3.5 2006/02/07 10:03:25 3 3 REMOVECH 7.0 2006/02/07 10:06:16 3 3 CHGUNITS 2.1 2006/02/07 10:07:37 3 3 REORDER 1.2.1 2006/02/07 10:08:38 ? ? HDREDIT2 2.5.1 2006/02/07 10:16:01 ? ? CHANGE_FLAGS 1.0 2013/07/16 11:48:13 3 3 CHANGE_CTD_CHANNEL_NAMES 1.0 2013/12/16 15:32:16 3 3 CHANGE_FLAGS 2.0 2014/11/20 09:54:58 3 3 HDREDIT2 3.2 2021/11/25 13:25:18 ? ? $END $REMARKS -The following ADDSAMP parameters were used: Sample Number Lookup File: Q:\Cruise_Data\2005-25\CTD\hydro\addsamp.csv Bottle Channel Name: Bottle_Number -The following BINAVE parameters were used: Bin channel = Bottle_Number Averaging interval = 1.00 Minimum bin value = 0.000 Average value was used Interpolated values were NOT used for empty bins Channel 'NUMBER_OF_BIN_RECORDS' was added to file. -The following MERGE parameters were used: 2006/01/13 16:01:05 Merge Channel: Sample_Number Merge Scheme Used: Add Secondary to Primary Overlap Scheme Used: Keep Primary Primary Channels to Include: ALL Secondary Channels to Include: Salinity:Bottle, Flag:Salinity:Bottle Primary file : Q:\Cruise_Data\2005-25\CTD\hydro\2005-25-0001.samavg Secondary file: Q:\Cruise_Data\2005-25\CTD\hydro\2005-25-0001.sal -The following MERGE parameters were used: 2006/02/06 15:36:31 Merge Channel: Sample_Number Merge Scheme Used: Add Secondary to Primary Overlap Scheme Used: Keep Primary Primary Channels to Include: ALL Secondary Channels to Include: Chlorophyll:Extracted, Flag:Chlorophyll:Extracted Primary file : Q:\Cruise_Data\2005-25\CTD\hydro\2005-25-0001.mrg1 Secondary file: Q:\Cruise_Data\2005-25\CTD\hydro\2005-25-0001.chl -The following MERGE parameters were used: 2006/02/06 15:36:47 Merge Channel: Sample_Number Merge Scheme Used: Add Secondary to Primary Overlap Scheme Used: Keep Primary Primary Channels to Include: ALL Secondary Channels to Include: Oxygen:Dissolved, Flag:Oxygen:Dissolved Primary file : Q:\Cruise_Data\2005-25\CTD\hydro\2005-25-0001.mrg2 Secondary file: Q:\Cruise_Data\2005-25\CTD\hydro\2005-25-0001.add Comments from secondary file: Q:\Cruise_Data\2005-25\CTD\hydro\2005-25-0001.add ------------------------------------------------- C.H. Culbertson's paper on Dissolved Oxygen in the 'Woce Hydrographic Program Operations and Methods - July 1991' -The following MERGE parameters were used: 2006/02/06 15:37:15 Merge Channel: Sample_Number Merge Scheme Used: Add Secondary to Primary Overlap Scheme Used: Keep Primary Primary Channels to Include: ALL Secondary Channels to Include: Nitrate, Flag:Nitrate, Silicate, Flag:Silicate, Phosphate, Flag:Phosphate Primary file : Q:\Cruise_Data\2005-25\CTD\hydro\2005-25-0001.mrg3 Secondary file: Q:\Cruise_Data\2005-25\CTD\hydro\2005-25-0001.nuts -CALIB parameters: 2006/02/06 16:54:57 Calibration type = Correct Mode: ONLY - calibration specs from Cal File only. Calibration file = Q:\Cruise_Data\2005-25\CTD\doc\2005-25-recal1.ccf Calibrations applied: Ch Name Units Fmla Coefficents -- ----------------------------- --------- --- ----------------------------- 3 Pressure dbars 10 0.4000000E+00 0.1000000E+01 11 Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE mL/L 10 0.1253000E+00 0.1394100E+01 -CLEAN functions: 2006/02/07 10:00:24 Change Pad Value to -99 in Channel: Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE [mL/L] Remove Sea-Bird comments from the header. -SORT parameters: 2006/02/07 10:03:25 Sorted in ascending order of channel Pressure [dbars] -REMOVECH 2006/02/07 10:06:16 The following CHANNEL(S) were removed: Scan_Number Temperature:Secondary [deg C (ITS90)] Conductivity:Primary [S/m] Conductivity:Secondary [S/m] Oxygen:Voltage:SBE [volts] Altimeter [metres] Descent_Rate [m/s] Status:Pump Salinity:T1:C1 [PSS-78] Flag -CHANGE units: 'Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE' changed from mL/L to umol/kg -HEADER EDITS: 2006/02/07 10:16:01 Applied edit header: Q:\Cruise_Data\2005-25\CTD\doc\2005-25-bot-hdr.txt Channel 2: Pressure [decibar] Units: dbars ==> decibar Format: F11.2 ==> F7.1 Channel 6: Fluorescence:URU:Seapoint [mg/m^3] Name: Fluorescence:Seapoint ==> Fluorescence:URU:Seapoint Channel 7: Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE [mL/L] Format: F8.3 ==> F7.2 Channel 9: PAR [uE/m^2/sec] Format: F11.3 ==> F7.1 Channel 10: PAR:Reference [uE/m^2/sec] Format: F11.3 ==> F7.1 Channel 15: Chlorophyll:Extracted [mg/m^3] Units: ==> mg/m^3 Channel 19: Nitrate [umol/L] Units: ==> umol/L Channel 21: Silicate [umol/L] Units: ==> umol/L Channel 23: Phosphate [umol/L] Units: ==> umol/L -HEADER EDITS: 2021/11/25 13:25:18 Applied edit header: D:\Telework\2021-008\Processing\doc\HYDRO\2021-008-bot-hdr.txt $END *COMMENTS Comments from secondary file: Q:\Cruise_Data\2005-25\CTD\hydro\2005-25-0001.sal ------------------------------------------------- Salinity sample #1: turbid water, slighly out of line in COMPARE. Comments from secondary file: Q:\Cruise_Data\2005-25\CTD\hydro\2005-25-0001.chl ------------------------------------------------- Sample_Number 2: Extracted Chlorophyll: variability >10% Comments from secondary file: Q:\Cruise_Data\2005-25\CTD\hydro\2005-25-0001.nuts -------------------------------------------------- Nutrient Sample Number 1: #1 anoxic, no NO3; PO4 diluted for analysis, plastic tube Nutrient Sample Number 2: plastic tube for PO4 Nutrient Sample Number 3: plastic tube for PO4 Analysis methods: ----------------- Salinity samples are collected in glass bottles and analyzed on a Guildline Autosal 8400 Salinometer which was standardized with IAPSO standard seawater. Oxygen samples are analyzed on an automated Winkler titration system following the procedures of Carpenter (1965). A Brinkmann model 665 Dosimat and model PC910 Colorimeter is controlled by Visual-Basic program to titrate the oxygen samples. Nutrient samples are analyzed frozen using a Technicon AAII autoanalyzer following methods described in Barwell-Clarke and Whitney (1996). Chlorophyll samples are collected in duplicate in calibrated polycarbonate bottles (~330ml), then filtered onto 25mm MFS GF/75 filters at <70mmHg vacuum. The filters are placed in glass scintillation vials and immediately frozen at -20ºC until analysis. The chlorophyll is extracted in 10 ml of 90% acetone for 24h at -20ºC, then brought to room temperature and the extract is decanted and measured using a Turner Designs 10-AU-005-CE fluorometer, which has been calibrated with solutions of commercially prepared chlorophyll. References: 1. Carpenter, J.H. 1965. The Chesapeake Bay Institute Technique for the Winkler Dissolved Oxygen Method. Limmnol. & Oceanogr., 10: 141-143. 2. J. Barwell-Clarke and F. Whitney. 1996. Institute of Ocean Sciences Nutrient Methods and Analysis. Canadian Technical Report of Hydrography and Ocean Sciences, No. 182, 43 pp. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Many of the chlorophyll data for this cruise had high variabilities, greater than 30%, which could not be easily explained by natural variability, sampling, or analytical errors. These data were removed. Analysis methods: ----------------- Chlorophyll samples were filtered onto 25mm GF/F filters and stored in glass scintillation vials at -80C prior to analysis. Samples were extracted in 90% acetone at -20C for 24 hours in the lab and analyzed on a Turner 10AU fluorometer calibrated with commercially pure chlorophyll a standard (Sigma). Fluorescence readings taken before and after acidification were used to calculate chlorophyll and phaeopigment concentrations (Holm-Hansen et al 1965). Chlorophyll samples were analyzed at IOS in Room 2423 1 to 5 weeks after the cruise. Variability is assessed as the CV% (std dev / mean*100). Flags and comments apply to chlorophyll values only. Chlorophyll values ranged from 0.05-20.68 ug/l in 103 samples. Average %CV for this cruise was 5.86% (after one duplicate was rejected, original 8.25%) with 5 out of 23 duplicate pairs having a CV>10% and 0 duplicate pairs having a CV>30%. Our average dataset %CV is 3.83% for 2013 - 2020 so the overall quality of this dataset is acceptable. For details see worksheet “CV%” in file QF2021-008_CHL*.xlsx. Oxygen samples were analyzed at sea using an automated Winkler titration System (Metrohm Dosimat model 876 and a UV light source and detector with a 365nm filter controlled by LV02_876 software designed and constructed by Scripps Institution of Oceanography) with modifications based on Carpenter (1965) and adhering to WOCE protocols (Culberson 1991). For details including a duplicate analysis, see document QF2021-008OXY*.xlsx. Salinity samples were collected in 200 mL type ll glass bottles with disposable nylon inserts and screw caps supplied by Ocean Scientific International Limited. They were analyzed in a temperature-controlled lab on a Guildline 8400B Salinometer standardized with IAPSO standard seawater 68 - 75 days after collection. For details including a duplicate analysis, see document QF2020-008SAL*.xlsx. Nutrient samples were collected in plastic tubes and quick frozen in aluminum blocks stored in a -20C freezer. For samples 400m and deeper a second set of samples are collected and stored cool for silicate analysis. All samples were returned to the Insitute of Ocean Sciences and they were analyzed using an Astoria-Pacific Analyzer following methods described in IOS Nutrient Methods (1996) Barwell-Clarke and Whitney. For details including a duplicate analysis, see document QF2020-008nuts*.xlsx. DMS samples were collected in 250mL ground glass stoppered bottles and stored in a fridge, in the dark and removed one at a time before analysis. A sample was loaded onto the stripper and purged with UHP Nitrogen for 10 minutes at ~100mL/min. The DMS was extracted from the water and absorbed into a Tenax TA trap kept at -80C. The trap was subsequently desorbed at 100 deg C (with a dewar containing boiling water) onto a Chromosil 330 column which eluted onto a Flame Photometric Detector (FPD). All samples were run as soon as possible after being collected. The minimum detectable level for DMS is 0.10 nmol/L, so “0” values should be interpreted as <0.1nmol/L. DMS data are limited to 2 significant figures. Unless otherwise indicated the % relative difference between duplicates is <20%. For more detail see file "2021-008 DMS report*.doc" and for data and duplicate analysis see "QF2021-008_DMS_summary*.xls." DMSP-D: Approximately 50-100mL of seawater is drained from the niskin into a magnetic filtration funnel containing a 0.7um GF/F filter. The first 3.5mL is collected in a polypropylene tube containing 50uL of a 50% sulphuric acid solution. A new funnel and filter are used for each sample. DMSP-T: 3.5mL of seawater was collected directly from the Niskin into a polypropylene tube (15mL) containing 50uL of a 50% sulphuric acid solution. DMSP-D and DMSP-T: Samples are stored in the dark at 4 degrees C for a minimum of 24 hours. They are hydrolized and analyzed at the Institute of Ocean Sciences when time permits. The minimum detectable level is 0.1 nM, so “0” values should be interpreted as <0.1 nM. DMSP data are limited to 2 significant figures. Unless otherwise indicated the % relative difference between duplicates is <20%. For details on analysis and raw data, see document "QF2021-008_dmsp_summary*.xlsx. References: 1. Barwell-Clarke, J. and Whitney, F. 1996. Institute of Ocean Sciences Nutrient Methods and Analysis. Canadian Technical Report of Hydrography and Ocean Sciences, No. 182, 43 pp. 2. Carpenter, J.H. 1965. The Chesapeake Bay Institute Technique for the Winkler Dissolved Oxygen Method. Limmnol. & Oceanogr., 10: 141-143. 3. Culberson, C.H. 1991. Dissolved oxygen. WOCE Hydrographic Programme Operations and Methods (July 1991). 15pp. 4. Holm-Hansen, O., Lorenzen, C.J., Holmes, R.W., and Strickland J.D.H. 1965. Fluorometric Determination of Chlorophyll. J.du Cons. Intl. Pour l’Epl. De la Mer. 30:3-15. * For PDF versions of these papers see folder \\Cruise_Data\DOCUMENTS\Analysis Reference Papers --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CTD Data Processing Notes: -------------------------- Conductivity, Transmissivity, Fluorescence:URU:Seapoint and PAR data are nominal and unedited except that some records were removed in editing temperature and salinity. There were 2 WetLabs CStar transmissometers in use during this cruise: Channel Transmissometer refers to sensor #1185DR (650nm - red) Channel Transmissometer:Green refers to sensor #1883DG (530nm - green) For comparison with other Institute of Ocean Sciences cruises, note that the transmissometer wavelength is 650nm unless otherwise stated. Channel Fluorescence:URU:Seapoint was removed from downcast files for casts #1 to 15 due to the presence of many spikes, but the problem did not occur during stops for bottles, so it was kept in the CHE files. NOTE: While the CTD fluorescence data are expressed in concentration units, they do not always compare well to extracted chlorophyll samples, particularly for casts far from shore. It is recommended that users check extracted chlorophyll values where available. For details on the processing see the report: 2021-008_Processing_Report.doc. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- *CALIBRATION $TABLE: CORRECTED CHANNELS ! Name Units Fmla Pad Coefficients ! ---------------------- ------- ---- ------ ------------ Pressure dbars 10 -99 () (0.4 1) Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE mL/L 10 -99 () (0.1253 1.3941) $END !-1-- --2--- ---3---- ---4---- --5-- ---6--- --7--- --8-- --9--- --10-- 11 -12- ---13--- - --15-- - ---17-- - --19- - --21- - --23-- - !Samp Pressu Temperat Salinity Trans Fluores Oxygen Oxyge PAR PAR: Bo Numb Salinity F Chloro F Oxygen: F Nitra F Silic F Phosph F !le_ re ure: :T0:C0 missi cence: : n: Refere tt er_o :Bottle l phyll: l Dissolv l te l ate l ate l !Numb Primary vity URU: Dissol Disso nce ~u ~bin ~ Extrac ~ ed ~ ~ ~ ~ !er Seapoin ved: lved: mb _rec l ted e e t t t ! t SBE SBE er ords e d d e e e !---- ------ -------- -------- ----- ------- ------ ----- ------ ------ -- ---- -------- - ------ - ------- - ----- - ----- - ------ - *END OF HEADER 3 1.7 14.4978 28.9872 32.3 3.701 6.23 272.3 201.9 1347.2 3 121 -99.0000 0 2.53 0 6.197 0 7.5 0 27.4 0 1.23 0 2 11.6 13.1130 29.3646 46.6 2.010 4.33 189.1 9.4 1357.8 2 121 -99.0000 0 1.47 3 4.367 0 14.7 0 32.7 0 1.81 0 1 175.3 9.6631 31.2943 21.9 0.123 0.27 11.9 0.0 1374.5 1 121 31.2889 3 -99.00 0 0.135 0 -99.0 9 95.8 0 4.88 0