*2018/07/06 08:49:16.08 *IOS HEADER VERSION 2.0 2016/04/28 2016/06/13 IVF16 *FILE START TIME : UTC 2005/07/31 13:25:00.000 NUMBER OF RECORDS : 5 DATA DESCRIPTION : 'Bottle:Rosette:Up:NoStop and Stop as specified in' CONTINUED : ' SAMPLE METHOD' FILE TYPE : ASCII NUMBER OF CHANNELS : 20 CTD : Up except for oxygen which is from the down-cast. $TABLE: CHANNELS ! No Name Units Minimum Maximum !--- ---------------------------------- --------------- -------------- -------------- 1 Sample_Number n/a 9 13 2 Sample_Method n/a 3 Bottle_Number n/a 1 5 4 Pressure decibar 1.6 38.6 5 Temperature 'deg C (ITS90)' -1.5341 -1.1632 6 Salinity PSS-78 27.4114 29.4255 7 Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE mL/L 8.34 9.19 8 Fluorescence:Calibrated:Seapoint mg/m^3 0.846 1.671 9 Transmissivity %/metre 40.31 45.97 10 Salinity:Bottle PSS-78 27.4214 29.2904 11 Flag:Salinity:Bottle ' ' 12 Nitrate_plus_Nitrite umol/L 0.1 3.7 13 Flag:Nitrate_plus_Nitrite ' ' 14 Silicate umol/L 8.6 13.2 15 Flag:Silicate ' ' 16 Phosphate umol/L 0.86 1.07 17 Flag:Phosphate ' ' 18 Bacteria /mL 416111 613909 19 Picophytoplankton /mL 1650 5237 20 Nanophytoplankton /mL 1380 4725 $END $TABLE: CHANNEL DETAIL ! No Pad Start Width Format Type Decimal_Places !--- ---- ----- ----- ------ ---- -------------- 1 -99 ' ' ' ' I5 I ' ' 2 -99 ' ' 8 NQ C ' ' 3 -99 ' ' ' ' I5 I ' ' 4 -99 ' ' ' ' F7.1 R4 ' ' 5 -99 ' ' ' ' F9.4 R4 ' ' 6 -99 ' ' ' ' F9.4 R4 ' ' 7 -99 ' ' ' ' F7.2 R4 ' ' 8 -99 ' ' 8 F R4 3 9 -99 ' ' ' ' F7.2 R4 ' ' 10 -99 ' ' ' ' F9.4 R4 ' ' 11 -99 ' ' 3 NQ C ' ' 12 -99 ' ' ' ' F7.2 R4 ' ' 13 -99 ' ' 3 NQ C ' ' 14 -99 ' ' ' ' F7.2 R4 ' ' 15 -99 ' ' 3 NQ C ' ' 16 -99 ' ' ' ' F8.3 R4 ' ' 17 -99 ' ' 3 NQ C ' ' 18 -99 ' ' ' ' f11.2 R4 ' ' 19 -99 ' ' ' ' f10.2 R4 ' ' 20 -99 ' ' ' ' f10.2 R4 ' ' $END $REMARKS Flag channels were initialized with zeros. Non-zero values have the following significance: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 = Sample for this measurement was collected but not analyzed. Sample lost. 2 = Acceptable Measurement 3 = Questionable Measurement (Probably Good) 4 = Poor Measurement (Probably Bad) 5 = Measurement Not Reported (Bad) 6 = Mean of replicate measurements 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration 9 = Sample was planned for this measurement from this bottle but was not collected ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sampling Methods are expressed with the following codes: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ROS:UN - No Stop ROS:US - Stop for 30 seconds ROS:USM - Up Stop Mix (Stop 30s, up 1m, down 2m, up 1m, wait 30s, close bottle) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $END *ADMINISTRATION MISSION : 2005-04 AGENCY : IOS, Ocean Sciences Division, Sidney, B.C. COUNTRY : Canada PROJECT : Joint Ocean Ice Study (JOIS incl JWACS and BGOS) SCIENTIST : McLaughlin F. PLATFORM : Louis S. St. Laurent *LOCATION GEOGRAPHIC AREA : Arctic Ocean's Canada Basin STATION : 2 EVENT NUMBER : 2 LATITUDE : 68 52.39800 N ! (deg min) LONGITUDE : 101 26.61000 W ! (deg min) WATER DEPTH : 46 *INSTRUMENT TYPE : Sea-Bird CTD MODEL : SBE-911plus SERIAL NUMBER : 0724 $REMARKS A rosette, holding 24 ten-litre Niskin Bottles, with a CTD was used. $END *HISTORY $TABLE: PROGRAMS ! Name Vers Date Time Recs In Recs Out ! -------- ------ ---------- -------- --------- --------- SPRD2IS 5.0 2015/03/16 20:20:35 5 5 CLEAN 5.2.1 2015/03/17 11:45:48 5 5 HDREDIT2 3.0.2 2015/03/18 17:03:52 ? ? CALIB 11.8.1 2015/03/18 17:06:35 5 5 CLEAN 5.2.1 2015/03/18 19:26:50 5 5 CLEAN 5.2.2 2017/03/01 13:15:36 5 5 HDREDIT2 3.1.1 2017/03/03 15:06:54 ? ? HDREDIT2 3.1.1 2017/03/10 10:29:15 ? ? SORT 3.6 2017/03/10 10:30:06 5 5 CLEAN 5.2.3 2018/07/06 08:49:16 ? ? $END $REMARKS -CLEAN functions: 2015/03/17 11:45:47 20 Reset #RECS, MIN & MAX values in header. Change character data from " " to "0" in channels Flag:* -HEADER EDITS: 2015/03/18 17:03:52 Applied edit header: C:\Users\zimmermanns\Documents\GArchiveProcess\Chem\3_header\2005-04- HDRChemv2.TXT -CALIB parameters: 2015/03/18 17:06:35 Calibration type = Calculate Mode: HEAD - calibration specs from header only. Transmissivity converted to %/metre WARNING: No calibration done on file C:\Users\zimmermanns\Documents\GArchiveProcess\Chem\4_ TransUnits\2005-04-0002.trn -CLEAN functions: 2015/03/18 19:26:50 20 Reset #RECS, MIN & MAX values in header. Insert Pad Values in Channel: Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE [mL/L] where channel Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE [mL/L] is in the range -100 to 1 0 data records in pad range. -CLEAN functions: 2017/03/01 13:15:36 20 Reset #RECS, MIN & MAX values in header. Delete Empty Channels: 30 deleted. -HEADER EDITS: 2017/03/03 15:06:54 Applied edit header: Z:\SHARE\DATA\Data Archive Process - 2017\Joe's work\2005-04\Headers\2005-04 CHE Header.txt Channel 8: Fluorescence:Calibrated:Seapoint [mg/m^3] Name: Fluorescence:URU:Seapoint ==> Fluorescence:Calibrated:Seapoint -HEADER EDITS: 2017/03/10 10:29:15 Applied edit header: Z:\SHARE\DATA\Data Archive Process - 2017\Joe's work\Headers\Niskin Bottles. txt -SORT parameters: 2017/03/10 10:30:06 Sorted in ascending order of channel Pressure [decibar] -CLEAN functions: 2018/07/06 08:49:15 20 Change Pad Value to -99 in All Channels. $END *COMMENTS CTD Data Processing Notes: -------------------------- For full details see report "Physical, chemical and zooplankton data from the Canada Basin and Canadian Arctic Archipelago, July 29 to September 1, 2005." cited below. Standard seabird processing steps were used. Temperature was calibrated with the pre-cruise calibrations. Conductivity, Oxygen and Fluorescence were calibrated to water samples. Salinity was recalculated using the corrected conductivity. Transmissometer and Altimeter are not calibrated. Fluorometer notes: Calibration with bottle data performed using bottle chlorophyll values between 0.025 and 0.6 mg/m3. The number of observations used were 78 out of 95 with a standard deviation of 0.02 in the residuals. Coefficients used: Slope: 1.3392, Bias 0.0035. Alignment of -3 seconds was used. Frequent single dropouts in fluorescence to 0 have been fixed by setting to neighbor value. Oxygen Calibration: Oxygen to match with bottle data is taken from the downcast, matching on density for the upper 600db and matching on pressure for depths greater than 600db. A lag of -6 seconds was applied to oxygen voltage in Seabird data processing step Align. The oxygen sensor membrane had attachment problems during cruise due to factory issues. Numerous calibrations were necessary. For the 50 casts, 19 calibrations were applied. A remaining pressure dependent shape in the residual between water sample and CTD oxygen was removed by subtracting a mean curve. Parts of the mean curve were found by fitting sections of data from discreet pressure ranges. The parts were then stitched together via spline interpolation to create a full profile mean curve. See Table 3., page 21 in report "Physical, chemical and zooplankton data from the Canada Basin and Canadian Arctic Archipelago, July 29 to September 1, 2005." cited below. Problems with data: - Spikes were more frequent than usual perhaps due to a problem in the electrical connection. Spikes in temperature, conductivity and oxygen have been linearly interpolated over. - In addition to drift, the oxygen voltage very frequently dropped to zero, although only for short periods. The zero voltage was linearly interpolated over. Chemistry Sampling and Analysis Methods: --------------------------------------- For full details see report "Physical, chemical and zooplankton data from the Canada Basin and Canadian Arctic Archipelago, July 29 to September 1, 2005." cited below. Salinity samples were collected in 200 mL type II glass bottles with disposable plastic inserts and screw caps. On board, samples were analyzed in a temperature-controlled lab on a Guildline AutoSalinometer Model 8400A (SN: 49463), which was standardized with IAPSO standard seawater. Onshore, samples were analyzed November 2005 on the Guildline PortaSalinometer, which was standardized with IAPSO standard seawater. Oxygen samples were collected in glass flasks and analyzed on board on an automated Winkler titration system following the procedures of Carpenter (1965). The titration was performed with a Metrohn Dosimat 665 and end point was detected using a Brinkmann probe Colorimeter PC910. Software written at the Institute of Ocean Sciences (IOS), NewAutoOxy.exe, was used to calculate dissolved oxygen (ml/L). Nutrient samples (nitrate plus nitrite, silicate and orthophosphate) were collected in glass and polystyrene test tubes. Samples from the first four stations, collected in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, were frozen and subsequently analyzed during the cruise. Samples from the last four stations were frozen and analyzed at the Institute of Ocean Sciences March 2006. All other Samples were analyzed fresh on board. All samples were not filtered and analyzed using a Technicon AAII auto-analyzer following methods described in Barwell-Clarke and Whitney (1996). Total Chlorophyll-a (>0.7um) samples were collected into 2 L brown Nalgene sample bottles, immediately placed in dark bags and stored in a fridge. Samples were filtered onto 25mm GF/F filters using low vacuum filtration. The filters were put into scintillation vials with 10 ml of 90% acetone, labeled and put into a -20 degree C freezer for 24 hours. The samples were allowed to adjust to room temperature for an hour before being read with the fluorometer. Chlorophyll-a and phaeo-pigment levels were measured with a Turner Designs fluorometer (model 10-AU-005, s/n 5152). The sample was acidified with 2 drops of 1N hydrochloric acid to obtain the phaeo-pigment reading. Oxygen Isotopes Samples were collected into 30 ml (approximate) glass vials. Once at room temperature, the caps were retightened and wrapped with electrical tape for storage. Samples were analyzed in December and January 2006 at Oregon State University using the H2O-CO2 equilibration method on a Thermo Finnigan DeltaPlusXL mass spectrometer. Barium samples were collected in ~20 ml plastic vials. Once at room temperature the caps were retightened for storage. Barium concentrations were determined at Oregon State University, using isotope-dilution and a VG Thermo Excel Inductively coupled quadrupole mass spectrometer as previously described with minor modifications (Falkner et al., 1994). Phytoplankton and bacterioplankton were collected in 2 ml capacity cryogenic vial and fixed with 0.2 ml of 10% paraformaldehyde by vortex mixing. Samples were maintained for at least 15 min at laboratory temperature to allow fixation, and then stored at -80 degree C until analysis at the Bedford Institute of Oceanography. Cell concentrations of picophytoplankton, nanophytoplankton, and bacterioplankton (i.e. non-autofluorescent picoplankton) in thawed samples were analyzed by flow cytometry (Becton Dickinson FACSort) following protocols in routine use (Li and Dickie, 2001). Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) and Alkalinity: Samples were kept at 4 degree C until analysis and preserved with HGCL2 (except for the alkalinity being run on board). Alkalinity ("Alkalinity:Total") and DIC ("Carbon:Dissolved:Inorganic") were measured from the same sample bottle at select stations. In addition, more frequent samples of Alkalinity were collected at most stations and have been labelled "Alkalinity:Total:Potentiometric" to distinguish this set of separate samples, even though both sets of Alkalinity samples were measured using potentiometric titration. DIC was analyzed at the Institute of Ocean Sciences using a SOMMA (Single-Operator Multi-Metabolic Analyzer) - Coulometer system to determine DIC. Alkalinity samples were analyzed using an automated potentiometric titration system to determine the total alkalinity. Alkalinity samples paired with DIC were sampled at the I nstitute of Ocean Sciences. The samples not paired with DIC were analyzed on board within 48 hours of collection except for the last few casts that were preserved with HGCL2 and analyzed at the Institute of Ocean Sciences. Iodine 129 samples were collected into 1 L PVC bottles Samples and returned to the Laboratory of the Atlantic Environmental Radioactivity Unit (AERU) at the Bedford Institute of Oceanography (BIO). In thelaboratory, a NaI carrier was added to a 200 mL aliquot of the seawater sample, it was slightly acidified, purified using multiple hexane extractions and iodine was precipitated as NaI. The NaI precipitate was shipped to the IsoTrace Laboratory at the University of Toronto where 129I analyses were performed by accelerator mass spectrometry (Smith et al. 1998; 1999; 2005). Cesium 137 samples were collected into 10 L plastic carboys. The water samples were passed through a potassium ferrocyanide (KCFC) packed resin column in the laboratory (AERU) which quantitatively extracts 137Cs from seawater (Smith et al. 1990; Smith & Ellis 1995). The KCFC resin was deployed in a standard geometry and measured using a hyperpure Ge detector having an efficiency of 25%. Halocarbons: CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113 and CCl4: Halocarbon samples were collected in a Perfektum 250 mL glass syringe (Popper & Sons Inc.). CFC-12, CFC-11, CFC-113, and CCl4 were analyzed at sea on the Institute of Ocean Sciences automated purge and trap system. Separation and detection of the components was achieved using a 60 m, 0.32 mm GasPro G fused silica column and a Hewlett Packard GC/Electron Capture Detector, respectively. Total Organic Carbon samples were collected without filtering into 40 mL glass vials with Teflon-Si rubber septa. Samples were kept frozen at -20 degree C until analysis, August to October 2007, at the Institute of Ocean Sciences using High Temperature Catalytic Oxidation, using a Tekmar Dohrman Apollo 9000HS (High Sensitivity) analyzer with an NDIR (Nondispersive Infrared) detector, and STS 8000 Autosampler. References: 1. McLaughlin, F., Proshutinsky, A., Carmack, E.C., Shimada, K., Corkum, M., Eert, J., Guay, C., Li, B., Maclean, H., Nelson, J., Richardson, W., Sieberg, D., Smith, J., Steel, M., Sutherland, N., Walczowski, W., White, L., Yamamoto-Kawai, M. and Zimmermann, S. 2010. Physical, chemical and zooplankton data from the Canada Basin and Canadian Arctic Archipelago, July 29 to September 1, 2005. Canadian Data Report Hydrography and Ocean Sciences 185: ix + 298 p. 2. Owens, W. B., and R. C. Millard Jr., 1985, A new algorithm for CTD oxygen calibration. J. Physical Oceanography., 15, 621-631. 3. Carpenter, J.H., 1965. The Chesapeake Bay Institute technique for the Winkler dissolved oxygen method, Limnol. Oceanogr., 10, 141-3. 4. J. Barwell-Clarke and F. Whitney. 1996. Institute of Ocean Sciences Nutrient Methods and Analysis. Canadian Technical Report of Hydrography and Ocean Sciences, No. 182, 43 pp. 5. Falkner, K.K., MacDonald, R.W., Carmack, E.C., and Weingartner, T. 1994. The potential of barium as a tracer of Arctic water masses, p. 63-76. In: O.M. Johannessen, R.D. Muench and J.E. Overland [eds.]. The Polar Oceans and Their Role in Shaping the Global Environment: The Nansen Centennial Volume, AGU Geophys. Monograph Series, AGU Books, Washington, DC. 6. Li, W.K.W., and Dickie, P.M. 2001. Monitoring phytoplankton, bacterioplankton, and virioplankton in a coastal inlet (Bedford Basin) by flow cytometry. Cytometry 44: 236-246. 7. Smith, J.N., Ellis, K.M. and Kilius, L.R. 1998. 129I and 137Cs tracer measurementsin the Arctic Ocean. Deep-Sea Research I. 45(6):959-984. 8. Smith, J.N., Ellis, K.M. and Boyd, T.M. 1999. Circulation features in the Central Arctic Ocean revealed by nuclear fuel reprocessing tracers from SCICEX 95 and 96, 1999. Journal of Geophysical Research. 104(C12):29,663-29,677. 9. Smith, J.N., Jones, E.P., Moran, S.B., Smethie Jr., W.M. and Kieser, W.E. 2005. 129I/CFC-11 Transit times for Denmark Strait Overflow Water in the Labrador and Irminger Seas. Journal of Geophysical Research. 110, C05006, doi:10.1029/2004JC002516. *CALIBRATION $TABLE: CORRECTED CHANNELS ! Name Units Fmla Pad Coefficients ! --------------------------- -------- ---- ------ ------------ Conductivity:Primary mS/cm 10 -99 () (-0.18E-02 1) Conductivity:Secondary mS/cm 10 -99 () (-0.2E-03 1) Fluorescence:URU:Seapoint mg/m^3 10 -99 () (0.35E-02 1.3392) $END !-1-- ---2--- -3-- --4--- ---5---- ---6---- --7--- ---8--- --9--- ---10--- 11 --12-- 13 --14-- 15 ---16-- 17 ----18---- ----19--- ----20--- !Samp Sample_ Bott Pressu Temperat Salinity Oxygen Fluores Transm Salinity Fl Nitrat Fl Silica Fl Phospha Fl Bacteria Picophyto Nanophyto !le_ Method le_ re ure : cence: issivi :Bottle ag e_ ag te ag te ag plankton plankton !Numb Numb Dissol Calibra ty ~o plus_ ~t ~i ~p !er er ved: ted:Sea tt Nitrit ri ca ha ! SBE point le e te te te !---- ------- ---- ------ -------- -------- ------ ------- ------ -------- -- ------ -- ------ -- ------- -- ---------- --------- --------- *END OF HEADER 13 ROS:UN 5 1.6 -1.1632 27.4114 9.19 1.287 40.31 27.4214 0 0.10 0 8.60 0 0.900 3 613909.00 5237.00 3972.00 12 ROS:UN 4 10.1 -1.3504 28.1269 8.96 1.671 40.92 28.1008 0 0.80 0 9.50 0 0.860 0 606667.00 2783.00 4725.00 11 ROS:UN 3 20.4 -1.4088 28.4646 8.78 1.395 42.50 28.5909 0 2.10 0 10.90 0 0.960 0 536075.00 2098.00 3141.00 10 ROS:UN 2 28.2 -1.4904 28.9812 8.56 0.974 45.52 29.0036 0 3.00 0 12.30 0 1.030 0 478981.00 1731.00 2426.00 9 ROS:UN 1 38.6 -1.5341 29.4255 8.34 0.846 45.97 29.2904 0 3.70 0 13.20 0 1.070 3 416111.00 1650.00 1380.00