*2013/12/16 15:31:03.54 *IOS HEADER VERSION 1.10 2011/10/26 2011/10/26 *FILE START TIME : UTC 2004/06/22 16:15:16.000 TIME INCREMENT : 0 0 0 0.416667E-01 0 ! (day hr min sec ms) NUMBER OF RECORDS : 122 DATA DESCRIPTION : CTD FILE TYPE : ASCII NUMBER OF CHANNELS : 9 $TABLE: CHANNELS ! No Name Units Minimum Maximum !--- ----------------------- --------------- -------------- -------------- 1 Pressure decibar 2.139302 123.1323 2 Temperature:Primary 'deg C (ITS90)' 7.093973 11.65954 3 Transmissivity %/metre 37.78333 52.59333 4 Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE mL/L 2.364667 5.934667 5 Fluorescence:URU mg/m^3 0.2137222 2.141667 6 PAR uE/m^2/sec 0.5031923 583.9991 7 PAR:Reference uE/m^2/sec 469.01 610.44 8 Salinity:T0:C0 PSS-78 31.43462 33.67704 9 Number_of_bin_records n/a 4 84 $END $TABLE: CHANNEL DETAIL ! No Pad Start Width Format Type Decimal_Places !--- ---- ----- ----- ------ ---- -------------- 1 -99 ' ' 7 F ' ' 1 2 -99 ' ' 9 F ' ' 4 3 -99 ' ' 6 F ' ' 1 4 -99 ' ' 7 F ' ' 2 5 -99 ' ' 8 F ' ' 3 6 -99 ' ' 7 F ' ' 1 7 -99 ' ' 7 F ' ' 1 8 -99 ' ' 9 F ' ' 4 9 ' ' ' ' 5 I I 0 $END $REMARKS This file converted from Sea-Bird file: Q:\Cruise_Data\2004-21\ctd\derive\200 $END *ADMINISTRATION MISSION : 2004-21 AGENCY : IOS, Ocean Science and Productivity, Sidney, B.C. COUNTRY : Canada PROJECT : JdeF/SoG SCIENTIST : Masson D. PLATFORM : Vector *LOCATION GEOGRAPHIC AREA : Juan de Fuca Strait /Strait of Georgia STATION : 103 EVENT NUMBER : 7 LATITUDE : 48 32.94000 N ! (deg min) LONGITUDE : 124 42.97000 W ! (deg min) WATER DEPTH : 122 ALTIMETER (M) : 1.86 ! custom item $REMARKS Altimeter value is distance from bottom and is calculated as the median of the deepest 2 metres of data. $END *INSTRUMENT TYPE : Sea-Bird CTD MODEL : SBE-911plus SERIAL NUMBER : 0585 $TABLE: SENSORS ! Name Abs Depth Serial No ! ------------------------- -------------- ---------- temperature:primary ' ' 2023 conductivity:primary ' ' 1763 pressure ' ' 77511 temperature:secondary ' ' 2095 conductivity:secondary ' ' 1764 Fluorometer ' ' Seapoint Oxygen:SBE ' ' 0047 transmissometer:primary ' ' 498DR irradiance ' ' primary altimeter: ' ' ' ' surface ' ' 'degrees = 0.0' $END $REMARKS SOFTWARE VERSION SEASAVE WIN32 V 5.30A $END *HISTORY $TABLE: PROGRAMS ! Name Vers Date Time Recs In Recs Out ! ------------------------ ------ ---------- -------- --------- --------- SBE_IOS 2.8 2004/09/27 14:47:14 9578 9578 CLEAN 4.7.1 2004/09/27 15:51:17 9554 9554 SHIFTDAT 3.4 2004/09/28 17:09:09 9554 9554 SHIFTDAT 3.4 2004/09/28 17:32:01 9554 9554 DELETE 6.3 2004/09/28 17:54:51 9554 3225 CTDEDIT 4.50 2004/09/29 17:27:48 3225 2930 CALIB 11.4 2004/10/01 17:27:20 2930 2930 CALIB 11.4 2004/10/04 10:26:59 2930 2930 FILTERS 4.3 2004/10/04 11:06:22 2930 2930 BINAVE 4.0.1 2004/10/04 11:13:35 2930 122 REMOVECH 6.0 2004/10/04 13:12:39 122 122 HDREDIT2 2.3 2004/10/04 13:20:28 ? ? CHANGE_CTD_CHANNEL_NAMES 1.0 2013/12/16 15:31:03 122 122 $END $REMARKS -CLEAN functions: 2004/09/27 15:48:28 20 Interpolation by Record Number, in Pressure Set event to last 4 characters of file name -The following SHIFT parameters were used. Shift Channel: Conductivity:Primary # of Records to Advance (-ve for Delay): At REC# 0 Shift= -0.20 Salinity was recalculated after shift -The following SHIFT parameters were used. Shift Channel: Fluorescence:Seapoint # of Records to Advance (-ve for Delay): At REC# 0 Shift= 24.00 -The following DELETE parameters were used: Surface Record Removal: Last Press Min Maximum Surface Pressure (relative): 10.00 Surface Swell Pressure Tolerance: 1.00 Pressure filtered over width: 15 Swells deleted. Warning message if pressure difference of 2.00 Drop rates < 0.30m/s (calculated over 11 points) will be deleted. Drop rate applies in the range 10.00 to 113.47 dbars Sample interval (from FILE section of header) = 0.042 seconds. -The following CALIB parameters were used: Calibration type = Correct Mode: ONLY - calibration specs from Cal File only. Calibration file = Q:\Cruise_Data\2004-21\ctd\doc\2004-21-recal1.ccf Calibrations applied: Ch Name Units Fmla Coefficents -- ----------------------------- --------- --- ----------------------------- 8 Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE mL/L 10 0.7000000E-01 0.1043700E+01 15 Salinity:T0:C0 PSS-78 10 0.1500000E-02 0.1000000E+01 16 Salinity:T1:C1 PSS-78 10 -0.3000000E-02 0.1000000E+01 -The following CALIB parameters were used: Calibration type = Correct Mode: ONLY - calibration specs from Cal File only. Calibration file = Q:\Cruise_Data\2004-21\ctd\doc\2004-21-recal2.ccf Calibrations applied: Ch Name Units Fmla Coefficents -- ----------------------------- --------- --- ----------------------------- 8 Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE mL/L 10 -0.1100000E-01 0.1000000E+01 -The following FILTER parameters were used. Median filter was used. Filter width = 11 The following channel(s) were filtered. Fluorescence:Seapoint -The following BINAVE parameters were used: Bin channel = Pressure Averaging interval = 1.00 Minimum bin value = 0.000 Average value was used Interpolated values were NOT used for empty bins Channel 'NUMBER_OF_BIN_RECORDS' was added to file. -The following CHANNEL(S) were removed from file. Scan_Number Temperature:Secondary Conductivity:Primary Conductivity:Secondary Altimeter Status:Pump Descent_Rate Salinity:T1:C1 Flag -HEADER EDITS: 2004/10/04 13:20:28 Applied edit header: Q:\Cruise_Data\2004-21\ctd\doc\2004-21hdr.txt Channel 1: Pressure [dbar] Units ==> dbar Format: F10.3 ==> F7.1 Channel 4: Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE [mL/L] Format: F8.3 ==> F7.2 Channel 5: Fluorescence:URU [mg/m^3] Name ==> Fluorescence:URU Channel 6: PAR [uE/m^2/sec] Format: F11.3 ==> F7.1 Channel 7: PAR:Reference [uE/m^2/sec] Format: F11.3 ==> F7.1 Channel 9: Number_of_bin_records [n/a] Format: F5.0 ==> I5 $END *COMMENTS SBE HEADER Sea-Bird SBE 9 Data File: FileName = C:\DATA\2004-21\2004-21-0007.dat Software Version Seasave Win32 V 5.30a Temperature SN = 2023 Conductivity SN = 1763 Number of Bytes Per Scan = 33 Number of Voltage Words = 5 Number of Scans Averaged by the Deck Unit = 1 System UpLoad Time = Jun 22 2004 16:15:52 NMEA Latitude = 48 32.94 N NMEA Longitude = 124 42.97 W NMEA UTC (Time) = Jun 22 2004 16:15:16 Store Lat/Lon Data = Add to Header Only Ship: J.P. Tully vector Cruise: 2004-10 2004-21 Station: 101 Depth: 122 # nquan = 17 # nvalues = 9578 # units = specified # name 0 = scan: Scan Count # name 1 = prDM: Pressure, Digiquartz [db] # name 2 = t090C: Temperature [ITS-90, deg C] # name 3 = t190C: Temperature, 2 [ITS-90, deg C] # name 4 = c0S/m: Conductivity [S/m] # name 5 = c1S/m: Conductivity, 2 [S/m] # name 6 = xmiss: Beam Transmission, Chelsea/Seatech/Wetlab CStar [%] # name 7 = sbeox0ML/L: Oxygen, SBE 43 [ml/l] # name 8 = flSP: Fluorescence, Seapoint # name 9 = altM: Altimeter [m] # name 10 = par: PAR/Irradiance, Biospherical/Licor # name 11 = spar: SPAR/Surface Irradiance # name 12 = pumps: Pump Status # name 13 = dz/dtM: Descent Rate [m/s] # name 14 = sal00: Salinity [PSU] # name 15 = sal11: Salinity, 2 [PSU] # name 16 = flag: flag # span 0 = 1, 9578 # span 1 = 1.618, 123.473 # span 2 = 7.0848, 11.7971 # span 3 = 7.0846, 11.7767 # span 4 = 3.421680, 3.605585 # span 5 = 3.422047, 3.605940 # span 6 = 65.8075, 85.2390 # span 7 = 2.17928, 5.65647 # span 8 = 1.9048e-01, 2.4505e+00 # span 9 = 0.00, 100.00 # span 10 = 4.4204e-01, 8.4391e+02 # span 11 = 4.6510e+02, 6.5197e+02 # span 12 = 0, 1 # span 13 = -1.761, 1.596 # span 14 = 30.2874, 33.6825 # span 15 = 30.5946, 33.6903 # span 16 = 0.0000e+00, 0.0000e+00 # interval = seconds: 0.0416667 # start_time = Jun 22 2004 16:15:52 # bad_flag = -9.990e-29 # sensor 0 = Frequency 0 temperature, primary, 2023, 20-Dec-03 # sensor 1 = Frequency 1 conductivity, primary, 1763, 19-Dec-03, cpcor = -9.57 00e-08 # sensor 2 = Frequency 2 pressure, 77511, 13-Mar-00 # sensor 3 = Frequency 3 temperature, secondary, 2095, 05-Sep-03 # sensor 4 = Frequency 4 conductivity, secondary, 1764, 05-Sep-03, cpcor = -9. 5700e-08 # sensor 5 = Extrnl Volt 0 Fluorometer, Seapoint, primary # sensor 6 = Extrnl Volt 2 Oxygen, SBE, primary, 0047, 13-Jan-04 # sensor 7 = Extrnl Volt 3 transmissometer, primary, 498DR, 4-Apr-04 # sensor 8 = Extrnl Volt 4 irradiance (PAR), primary, 4656, 11-Feb-03 # sensor 9 = Extrnl Volt 6 altimeter # sensor 10 = Extrnl Volt 9 surface irradiance (SPAR), degrees = 0.0 # datcnv_date = Sep 27 2004 12:06:37, 5.30a # datcnv_in = Q:\Cruise_Data\2004-21\ctd\2004-21-0007.dat Q:\Cruise_Data\2004-21 \ctd\2004-21-ctd.CON # datcnv_skipover = 0 # wildedit_date = Sep 27 2004 12:56:54, 5.30a # wildedit_in = Q:\Cruise_Data\2004-21\ctd\convert\2004-21-0007.cnv # wildedit_pass1_nstd = 2.0 # wildedit_pass2_nstd = 5.0 # wildedit_pass2_mindelta = 0.000e+000 # wildedit_npoint = 50 # wildedit_vars = prDM t090C t190C sbeox0ML/L # wildedit_excl_bad_scans = yes # alignctd_date = Sep 27 2004 13:13:05, 5.30a # alignctd_in = Q:\Cruise_Data\2004-21\ctd\wildedit\2004-21-0007.cnv # alignctd_adv = sbeox0ML/L 5.000 # celltm_date = Sep 27 2004 14:25:54, 5.30a # celltm_in = Q:\Cruise_Data\2004-21\ctd\align\2004-21-0007.cnv # celltm_alpha = 0.0300, 0.0300 # celltm_tau = 9.0000, 9.0000 # celltm_temp_sensor_use_for_cond = primary, secondary # Derive_date = Sep 27 2004 14:32:00, 5.30a # Derive_in = Q:\Cruise_Data\2004-21\ctd\celltm\2004-21-0007.cnv Q:\Cruise_Data\ 2004-20\CTD\2004-20-ctd.CON # file_type = ascii END* The descent rate of the CTD was extremely noisy for this cast. DELETE removed many records corrupted by shed wakes and CTDEDIT was used to remove many more. Salinity was cleaned. ******************************************************************* The fluorescence and transmissivity data are nominal and unedited except that some records were removed in editing T and S. The dissolved oxygen data in the CTD files should be considered: • ±0.4ml/l from 0db–50db. • ±0.2ml/l below 50db – 250db • ±0.1ml/l below 250db ******************************************************************* *CALIBRATION $TABLE: CORRECTED CHANNELS ! Name Units Fmla Pad Coefficients ! ---------------------- -------- ---- ------ ------------ Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE mL/L 10 -99 () (0.7E-01 1.0437) Salinity:T0:C0 PSS-78 10 -99 () (0.15E-02 1) Salinity:T1:C1 PSS-78 10 -99 () (-0.3E-02 1) Oxygen:Dissolved:SBE mL/L 10 -99 () (-0.11E-01 1) $END !--1--- ---2---- --3-- --4--- ---5--- --6--- --7--- ---8---- -9-- !Pressu Temperat Trans Oxygen Fluores PAR PAR: Salinity Numb !re ure: missi : cence: Refere :T0:C0 er_o ! Primary vity Dissol URU nce ~bin ! ved: _rec ! SBE ords !------ -------- ----- ------ ------- ------ ------ -------- ---- *END OF HEADER 2.1 11.6460 41.3 5.80 1.823 584.0 571.0 31.4348 43 2.9 11.6595 41.2 5.92 1.706 212.7 577.4 31.4346 84 4.0 11.6485 41.4 5.93 1.691 146.4 579.3 31.4356 33 5.0 11.6387 37.8 5.93 1.715 115.1 579.3 31.4356 36 6.0 11.5156 41.8 5.89 1.863 89.2 579.9 31.4484 47 7.0 11.3514 40.1 5.80 2.024 70.6 580.8 31.4597 33 8.0 11.1571 41.4 5.67 2.130 58.3 579.3 31.4748 24 9.0 11.0993 41.1 5.56 2.142 48.1 579.3 31.4780 21 10.1 11.0496 40.6 5.47 2.110 39.8 579.3 31.4809 27 11.2 10.7453 41.2 5.29 1.863 31.8 581.0 31.5232 18 12.0 10.7176 42.5 5.23 1.767 27.8 581.4 31.5287 24 13.0 10.6702 42.9 5.19 1.722 23.2 581.4 31.5394 19 14.0 10.5643 43.6 5.13 1.621 19.2 581.4 31.5543 24 15.2 10.4274 44.8 4.86 1.660 16.0 581.4 31.5659 11 16.0 10.3847 45.2 4.84 1.579 14.5 581.4 31.5719 19 17.0 10.2937 45.5 4.83 1.505 12.5 581.7 31.5824 17 18.0 10.2226 45.8 4.82 1.434 10.7 583.2 31.5779 21 18.7 10.1808 46.5 4.80 1.448 9.6 583.5 31.5826 14 20.1 10.1310 46.5 4.62 1.406 7.9 583.5 31.5854 16 21.0 10.0914 46.8 4.61 1.377 7.1 582.1 31.5909 14 22.0 10.0521 47.1 4.59 1.310 6.2 581.4 31.6069 15 23.0 9.9871 47.5 4.56 1.303 5.4 581.4 31.6340 20 24.4 9.9495 47.7 4.38 1.323 4.4 585.5 31.6499 5 25.0 9.8960 47.7 4.36 1.355 4.1 585.5 31.6685 19 26.0 9.8227 47.7 4.33 1.256 3.7 585.5 31.6936 17 27.0 9.7322 48.1 4.31 1.185 3.2 583.9 31.7216 19 28.1 9.6581 48.2 4.30 1.133 2.8 583.5 31.7611 37 28.9 9.6423 48.5 4.30 1.088 2.6 584.4 31.7964 34 30.0 9.6180 49.0 4.30 1.026 2.3 585.5 31.8378 18 31.0 9.6037 49.1 4.30 0.979 2.1 587.2 31.8668 16 32.1 9.5944 49.4 4.32 0.896 1.9 586.7 31.8852 20 33.0 9.5969 49.6 4.34 0.835 1.7 585.5 31.9038 41 34.0 9.6117 49.9 4.35 0.773 1.6 585.5 31.9506 29 35.0 9.6166 50.0 4.34 0.736 1.4 585.5 31.9847 19 36.0 9.5967 49.9 4.33 0.696 1.3 585.5 32.0225 20 37.0 9.5627 49.8 4.32 0.661 1.2 585.7 32.0390 26 38.0 9.5265 49.6 4.29 0.676 1.1 587.4 32.0558 33 39.0 9.4901 49.7 4.24 0.660 1.1 587.6 32.0735 26 40.0 9.4655 49.8 4.20 0.635 1.0 587.6 32.0842 21 41.0 9.4312 49.9 4.16 0.585 1.0 587.6 32.0986 20 42.0 9.3448 50.0 4.11 0.678 0.9 586.1 32.1391 25 43.0 9.2795 50.3 4.05 0.567 0.8 587.4 32.1621 40 44.0 9.2378 50.4 3.99 0.592 0.8 528.8 32.1921 27 44.9 9.1712 50.6 3.97 0.600 0.8 473.8 32.2390 16 46.0 9.1534 50.5 3.95 0.611 0.7 469.0 32.2593 17 47.0 9.1529 50.4 3.94 0.685 0.7 477.9 32.2634 24 48.0 9.1501 50.2 3.91 0.748 0.7 558.5 32.2680 32 49.0 9.1428 50.2 3.89 0.759 0.7 587.6 32.2787 31 50.0 9.1063 50.1 3.86 0.821 0.7 587.6 32.3133 26 51.0 9.0778 50.1 3.84 0.814 0.6 587.9 32.3236 23 52.0 9.0567 50.1 3.83 0.789 0.6 589.5 32.3315 23 53.0 9.0370 50.2 3.80 0.720 0.6 589.7 32.3443 28 54.0 8.9983 50.3 3.76 0.717 0.6 589.7 32.3918 34 55.0 8.9764 50.4 3.76 0.674 0.6 589.7 32.4380 24 56.0 8.9679 50.3 3.76 0.719 0.6 589.6 32.4525 19 57.0 8.9526 50.2 3.76 0.717 0.6 589.7 32.4726 17 58.0 8.9467 50.2 3.77 0.778 0.6 589.7 32.4945 21 59.1 8.9343 50.2 3.75 0.795 0.6 589.8 32.5330 48 59.9 8.9090 50.3 3.71 0.818 0.5 591.7 32.5733 30 61.0 8.8677 50.3 3.68 0.831 0.5 591.8 32.6186 18 62.0 8.8028 50.3 3.66 0.846 0.5 591.8 32.6570 17 63.0 8.7547 50.1 3.65 0.859 0.5 591.8 32.6904 23 64.0 8.6830 49.7 3.64 0.777 0.5 590.6 32.7443 39 65.0 8.6622 49.1 3.61 0.835 0.5 591.7 32.7905 28 66.0 8.6002 49.3 3.58 0.824 0.5 592.5 32.8166 19 67.0 8.5671 49.7 3.54 0.738 0.5 593.8 32.8288 20 68.0 8.4926 50.9 3.51 0.697 0.5 593.8 32.8662 26 69.0 8.3918 51.9 3.47 0.618 0.5 593.8 32.9210 30 70.0 8.3465 52.4 3.44 0.606 0.5 593.8 32.9409 23 71.0 8.3175 52.4 3.41 0.605 0.5 593.8 32.9554 24 72.0 8.2871 52.6 3.37 0.544 0.5 593.8 32.9700 30 73.0 8.2589 52.6 3.34 0.508 0.5 594.5 32.9846 30 74.0 8.2113 52.4 3.34 0.470 0.5 595.9 33.0099 23 75.0 8.1821 52.5 3.35 0.471 0.5 595.9 33.0234 21 76.0 8.1638 52.5 3.34 0.457 0.5 595.9 33.0525 20 77.0 8.1658 52.0 3.32 0.559 0.5 588.0 33.0877 21 78.0 8.1732 52.2 3.30 0.625 0.5 491.6 33.1067 25 79.0 8.1284 52.1 3.28 0.683 0.5 486.1 33.1126 29 80.0 8.0908 51.7 3.26 0.644 0.5 483.3 33.1233 27 81.0 8.0466 51.7 3.23 0.628 0.5 485.7 33.1360 22 82.0 8.0310 51.6 3.20 0.549 0.5 490.7 33.1401 26 83.0 7.9775 51.8 3.18 0.516 0.5 483.5 33.1555 32 84.0 7.8940 52.1 3.18 0.433 0.5 489.3 33.1924 23 85.0 7.8558 52.2 3.17 0.457 0.5 488.3 33.2265 19 86.0 7.8255 52.3 3.16 0.430 0.5 492.1 33.2508 21 87.0 7.8149 52.3 3.15 0.455 0.5 483.2 33.2605 24 88.0 7.7783 52.2 3.12 0.522 0.5 489.9 33.2782 23 89.0 7.7521 52.2 3.07 0.427 0.5 491.5 33.2914 27 90.0 7.7141 52.1 3.04 0.436 0.5 492.3 33.3077 30 91.0 7.6641 52.1 3.02 0.430 0.5 572.4 33.3307 26 92.0 7.6201 52.0 2.99 0.342 0.5 600.1 33.3570 21 93.0 7.6009 51.8 2.95 0.356 0.5 599.7 33.3744 21 94.0 7.5909 51.7 2.90 0.370 0.5 598.0 33.3857 26 95.0 7.5382 51.7 2.86 0.346 0.5 599.6 33.4145 26 96.0 7.4338 51.4 2.83 0.366 0.5 600.1 33.4754 21 97.0 7.4268 51.4 2.79 0.306 0.5 600.1 33.4812 22 98.0 7.4245 51.2 2.75 0.305 0.5 601.4 33.4895 29 99.0 7.3866 51.0 2.70 0.293 0.5 602.1 33.5092 28 100.0 7.3428 51.1 2.66 0.329 0.5 602.1 33.5332 22 101.0 7.3206 50.8 2.64 0.299 0.5 602.1 33.5556 20 102.0 7.3100 51.0 2.61 0.264 0.5 602.1 33.5635 24 103.0 7.2914 50.8 2.59 0.269 0.5 602.1 33.5737 35 104.0 7.2835 50.7 2.57 0.254 0.5 602.1 33.5797 24 105.0 7.2768 50.7 2.56 0.271 0.5 603.5 33.5842 18 106.0 7.2717 50.7 2.56 0.268 0.5 602.1 33.5870 19 107.0 7.2699 50.5 2.55 0.265 0.5 602.1 33.5879 23 107.8 7.2668 50.6 2.53 0.260 0.5 603.5 33.5902 21 108.9 7.2518 50.9 2.48 0.256 0.5 604.2 33.5984 24 110.0 7.2158 50.5 2.48 0.257 0.5 604.2 33.6175 16 111.0 7.1951 50.5 2.47 0.244 0.5 604.2 33.6280 15 112.1 7.1608 50.2 2.46 0.241 0.5 604.2 33.6449 19 112.6 7.1582 49.9 2.45 0.226 0.5 604.2 33.6460 4 113.9 7.1389 50.0 2.42 0.235 0.5 606.5 33.6546 21 115.0 7.1389 49.5 2.41 0.243 0.5 606.3 33.6541 16 116.0 7.1395 49.3 2.41 0.227 0.5 606.3 33.6535 16 116.8 7.1368 49.0 2.40 0.229 0.5 604.6 33.6549 17 118.2 7.1345 49.1 2.39 0.219 0.5 607.5 33.6563 15 119.0 7.1348 48.9 2.40 0.214 0.5 608.4 33.6559 18 120.0 7.1356 49.0 2.39 0.223 0.5 608.2 33.6554 20 120.8 7.1345 48.8 2.39 0.222 0.5 607.1 33.6559 20 122.1 7.1170 48.9 2.37 0.230 0.5 610.4 33.6652 27 123.1 7.0940 47.6 2.37 0.218 0.5 609.9 33.6770 11